Category: Celebrations (Page 1 of 8)

Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival

30/04/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival

Your Complete Guide to Scotland’s Ancient Celtic Celebration

Every year since 1988, the Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival draws up to 15,000 people to Calton Hill for a spectacular celebration marking the arrival of summer. The Beltane fire festival honours an ancient Celtic tradition that began on the evening before May 1st, featuring dramatic performances, sacred fire rituals, and mythological characters like the May Queen and the Green Man. What is Beltane, exactly? The Beltane holiday represents the transition from winter to summer through the powerful symbolism of death and rebirth. Over 300 volunteers now bring this ancient tradition to life, investing approximately 10,000 hours into rehearsals, costumes, and props. read on to explore the festival’s Celtic origins, key rituals and characters, and everything you need to attend.

What Is Beltane? The Ancient Celtic Fire Festival

Origins of the Beltane Holiday

Beltane translates to “bright fire,” referring to the bonfires central to this ancient celebration. The name derives from the Celtic god Bel (also known as Beli or Belinus), whose cult stretched from the Italic Peninsula across Europe into the British Isles. Historically observed in Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man, Beltane is one of four main Celtic seasonal festivals, alongside Samhain, Imbolc, and Lughnasadh.

The festival’s roots date back approximately 6,000 years, to when hunter-gatherers across Northern Europe transitioned to agricultural lifestyles. This ancient agrarian calendar predates the arrival of the Celts by millennia. Originally, Beltane was celebrated midway between the spring equinox and summer solstice, falling astronomically around May 5 or 6. Eventually, calendar codification fixed the celebration on May 1, aligning it with other European spring festivals like Floralia and Walpurgisnacht.

Traditional Beltane Celebrations Across Scotland

Communities gathered on hilltops where cattle pastured, cutting a round trench and leaving a central turf platform for the bonfire. The night before, villagers extinguished all hearth fires in their homes. On Beltane morning, priests or community leaders kindled the sacred “need-fire” using ritual methods, with traditional fires sparked from flint or friction.

Cattle were driven between two bonfires or made to leap over flames for purification and fertility blessings before being put to summer pastures. People themselves walked around or between the fires, jumping over flames for good luck, protection, and fertility. Following these rituals, the community relit their household fires from the Beltane bonfire, connecting everyone through the sacred flame.

The Meaning Behind the Sacred Fires

Fire served as purification, cleansing, and protection from supernatural harm, disease, and witchcraft. The flames symbolised the sun’s power, meant to ensure sunshine for people, animals, and plants while burning away harmful influences. These protective qualities extended to milk production, crops, and overall community well-being for the coming year.

Beltane’s Connection to Summer and Fertility

Beltane marked the beginning of the pastoral summer season, celebrated as “first of summer” when livestock moved to fresh pastures. The festival honoured the sacred union of masculine and feminine energies through figures like the May Queen and May King. Like Samhain, Beltane represented a liminal time when the veil between worlds grew thin, making it one of the two most sacred Celtic festivals.

The Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival: How It All Began

The 1988 Revival on Calton Hill

On April 30, 1988, a small group of enthusiasts brought Beltane back to Edinburgh after centuries of dormancy. Angus Farquhar of the musical collective Test Dept led the revival alongside choreographer Lindsay John, dancers from Laban, and Gaelic ethnologist Margaret Bennett. The School of Scottish Studies at the University of Edinburgh provided academic support.

The revival emerged from political resistance during the Thatcher era. Farquhar sought something beyond the “black/white narrative” of political battles, researching Beltane to create a public ritual that flew in the face of the idea that “there is no such thing as society” (Margaret Thatcher). That first event faced harsh conditions with a £500 budget, pouring rain, and gale-force winds, yet roughly 30-40 volunteers created a procession around the hill that culminated in communal firelighting.

From Arthur’s Seat to Calton Hill

Arthur’s Seat historically hosted Edinburgh’s Beltane celebrations. Organisers originally intended the revival to take place there, but practical considerations prompted a location change. Calton Hill offered better accessibility and centrality while maintaining a connection with nature.

The choice carried symbolic weight. In the 1980s, Calton Hill had a reputation for sex, drugs, and served as a no-go area connected to queer counterculture. Organizers aimed to reclaim that space for the community through celebration.

The Beltane Fire Society and Community Involvement

The Beltane Fire Society was formed in 1988 for the second festival as a registered charity run by democratically elected volunteers. All performers volunteer, joining through word of mouth or advertised open meetings. Senior performers lead workshops covering event production, prop construction, character performance, percussion, and health and safety.

How the Festival Has Grown Over the Years

From a core of a dozen performers and a few hundred audience members, the Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival grew to several hundred performers and over 10,000 spectators by 1999. The event now involves over 300 voluntary collaborators. Originally free and lightly stewarded, capacity constraints and funding requirements led to ticketing in recent years.

Key Characters, Rituals, and Performances

The May Queen: Mother Goddess of Summer

The May Queen embodies the maiden aspect of the Triple Goddess, presiding over the transition from spring to summer. The role passes to a performer for several years, with each May Queen crafting her own costume annually to reflect the festival’s theme. This goddess figure entices the Green Man during the ritual, uniting with him to rule over summer together.

The Green Man: Death and Rebirth

The Green Man represents life growing on earth, an archetypal figure appearing in folklore across Britain. During the ritual, he exposes his winter side to the May Queen in her maiden form, realising he must change to be with her. He surrenders his life, and the May Queen gives him life energy, bringing him back in his new summer form. This death and rebirth mirrors ancient fertility myths where spirits must die to ensure renewal.

The White Women and the Blues

The Blues serve as elder volunteers who hold knowledge and are respected within the community. They provide space for storytelling about the May Queen and Green Man’s narrative, acting as bridges between past and present traditions. The White Women protect the May Queen, representing order and discipline.

Fire Performances and Drumming

Performers, including acrobats, drummers, dancers, musicians, and puppeteers, create the striking display. The Processional drummers lay down beats that drive the march forward behind the May Queen, their rhythms carrying across Calton Hill. Torch Bearers dress head to foot in black with covered faces, trusted to carry purifying flames.

The Procession and Sacred Rituals

The May Queen leads the procession to the hilltop, with drummers alerting witnesses to their approach. The core narrative remains largely consistent, though additional elements emerge as new performers bring their own influences.

The Bonfire and Dawn Celebration

Fire plays the central role in the ritual, with torch bearers carrying flames and fire arches representing gateways between earthly and spirit worlds. The bonfire marks summer’s arrival, with celebrations continuing until dawn.

Attending the Festival

The festival occurs annually on April 30th on Calton Hill. The show begins at sundown and runs until late. Wear warm layers and sensible shoes or go in a full bright costume, but be careful to keep away from the flames. Be aware that the event features semi-nudity and uninhibited behaviour, body-painted characters, and fire.

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The Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival connects us to 6,000 years of Celtic heritage while creating something entirely new each year. Equally important, over 300 volunteers transform ancient rituals into a living celebration that draws thousands to Calton Hill.

Whether you’re drawn to the mythological drama, the fire performances, or the communal energy, this festival offers an unforgettable experience. Book your tickets early, dress warmly, and prepare yourself for a night where ancient tradition meets modern spectacle under the Edinburgh sky.

The Library

We have lots of resources if you want to learn more about Beltain or Edinburgh. Check out Librarysearch.napier.ac.uk. You can read more about other Celtic festivals here on the blog too. Check out our post on lughnasa

By Juliet Kinsey

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International Jazz Day

30/04/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

International Jazz Day

For the past fifteen years, the 30^th of April has marked International Jazz Day, a day dedicated to promoting jazz music worldwide and the role jazz music has had in shaping culture and bringing together communities.
Officially started by UNESCO (The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation) after being proposed by legendary jazz pianist Herbie Hancock, whose non-profit educational institute leads the programming and coordination of International Jazz Day celebrations. Over two hundred countries participate in International Jazz Day every year, with musicians and fans around the world coming together to put on events celebrating their nation’s history with jazz music. These celebrations can take the form of concerts, conferences, educational workshops and jam sessions, all of which serve to promote local and national jazz acts and raise awareness of the local jazz scene.

History of Jazz

Jazz is an interesting musical genre as it is very community-oriented, drawing on elements of local culture and adapting to the taste of the community. Jazz itself has its roots in the music culture of late 19^th and early 20^th century New Orleans, drawing influence from blues and ragtime music that was popular at the time and infusing it with the musical stylings and instruments of local marching bands.

From there, jazz would spread out from New Orleans in the 1910s, and different cities would become cultural hubs for emerging styles of jazz. First in Chicago, where the arriving jazz musicians from New Orleans began to develop a faster and more improvisational style, emphasising musical solos and swapping out their banjos and standing basses for guitars and tubas. This style of Chicago Jazz would eventually come to embody jazz in much of the popular consciousness, but it wouldn’t stop there.

By the 1940s in New York, a new generation of jazz musicians began to develop a style known as Bebop, a faster and more complex style of jazz that emphasised the rhythm section and was typically performed with a smaller number of musicians than earlier jazz ensembles. Bebop musicians wanted to push the boundaries of jazz away from its dance-oriented roots and towards a more “musician’s music” that required the audience to listen closely to appreciate what was happening.

Outside of the United States, one of the most popular jazz styles is Latin Jazz, beginning in the 1940s with Afro-Cuban musicians performing using more traditional instruments such as bongos or claves for percussion over the drum kit used in more traditional jazz. Additionally, in Brazil, the fusion of samba music with jazz stylings would help give rise to the genre of Bossa Nova.

Scottish Jazz

Now, with all this in mind, you might not know that here in Scotland we have our own history with jazz. In his essay “Swinging Scots: An Outline of Jazz in Scotland” Roger Craik recounts that Scotland actually encountered jazz quite early into the genre’s existence, with 1919 seeing American jazz bands start to travel the Atlantic to perform in Glasgow and Edinburgh. By the 1930s, Scotland was producing its own jazz artists, although many of these were required to travel south for work, and many of the most popular pre-war British jazz acts had Scottish performers.

Craik theorises that many of these may be due to the popularity of Scottish pipe bands and country bands during this period, as well as the brass bands that were common in Scottish mining towns. These bands would serve as a sort of training ground for Scottish musicians, who would become accustomed to playing percussion and brass before moving on to performing in jazz bands. This generation of Scottish musicians was also of an age to be called up to military service in the Second World War, where they would perform in military bands, performing at marches or entertaining the troops. In fact, a key figure in the history of Scottish jazz was Tommy Sampson, whose post-war orchestra would bring together many Scottish jazz musicians. Tommy himself spent much of the Second World War in a prisoner of war camp, where he led a band consisting of other captured soldiers.

The decades following the war would see the emergence of many other Scottish jazz bands, such as the Clyde Valley Stompers, who once played alongside legendary jazz musician Louie Armstrong at Kelvin Hall in 1956.
You can read Roger Craik’s history of Scottish jazz, along with several other in-depth essays at the Scottish Jazz Archives.

The Edinburgh Jazz Festival

This tradition of Scottish jazz will continue this summer with the 45^th annual Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival being held in July. This will see performances of local and international jazz acts being held throughout the city, ranging from classical jazz acts to more experimental performances. These include paid and free performances, so you can pop along to something even if you just want a taste of the genre. I can promise you’ll hear something memorable.

By Matthew Ferrie

Read more about the Edinburgh Festival here

World Art Day in Scotland

14/04/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

World Art Day in Scotland

Art does more than decorate walls. It influences how we feel. It inspires us and makes us rethink our views on the world. Art is magic, it is politics, it is hope in the darkness. We have made it since the beginning of time, and we continue to create it no matter what happens in our world.

Edinburgh Galleries

To celebrate World Art Day in Scotland, why not visit some of Edinburgh’s incredible galleries?

The Scottish National Gallery sits right in the city centre. It offers calm, light-filled rooms and world-class collections. You can move from European masters to Scottish favourites in one visit. Clear layouts make it easy to explore at your own pace.

Then, the Scottish National Portrait Gallery shifts the focus. Here, art tells stories through people. The building itself feels dramatic, with high ceilings and rich detail. Meanwhile, exhibitions connect past and present through powerful portraits.

Just a short walk away, the City Art Centre offers something different. It focuses on Scottish art across time. Rotating exhibitions mean there is always something new. It feels accessible and welcoming, especially for first-time visitors.

Next, the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art opens things up. Two separate buildings sit in wide green grounds. Inside, you will find bold, contemporary work. Outside, sculptures invite you to slow down and wander.

Just outside Edinburgh, spaces like Jupiter Artland take art beyond walls. Here, installations live in the landscape. You walk between them. You experience them physically, not just visually.

Together, these galleries offer variety, space, and accessibility. So, whether you want quiet reflection or fresh ideas, Edinburgh has a place for you.

Some important Scottish artists of Edinburgh

Phoebe Anna Traquair

Phoebe Anna Traquair (1852–1936) was a leading figure in Scotland’s Arts and Crafts movement. She was born in Ireland and later settled in Edinburgh, where she created some of the city’s most remarkable artworks. She worked across many forms. These included murals, embroidery, and illuminated manuscripts. Her style drew on medieval art, rich colour, and symbolic detail. Her best-known work can be seen at the Mansfield Traquair Centre in Edinburgh. There, her murals transform the space into an immersive, peaceful environment. Today, she is celebrated as one of Scotland’s most important artists. She also stands out as a pioneering woman in a male-dominated art world.

Eduardo Paolozzi

Probably one of Edinburgh’s most well-known artists. His work is everywhere. Eduardo Paolozzi (1924–2005) was a Scottish artist and sculptor, widely seen as a pioneer of pop art. He was born in Edinburgh to Italian parents and studied at art schools in Edinburgh and London. He became known for bold collages and sculptures that mixed popular culture, technology, and mass media. His early work helped shape the visual language of modern pop art. Later, he created large public sculptures and mosaics, including works for London Underground stations. Today, Paolozzi is recognised as one of Scotland’s most influential modern artists, with a lasting impact on contemporary art.

Sekai Machache

Sekai Machache is a contemporary visual artist based in Scotland. She was born in Zimbabwe and raised in Scotland.

Her work focuses on identity, belonging, and representation. She often uses photography and performance, especially self-portraiture.

Her images challenge how Black women are seen in art. They create space for visibility and self-definition.

Machache has exhibited across Scotland, including in Edinburgh. Today, she is part of a new generation of artists shaping a more diverse Scottish art scene.

Tartan Day

06/04/2026 / mayagreen / 0 Comments

Tartan Day

On the 6^th of April every year, Tartan Day celebrates and acknowledges Scottish heritage, cultural contributions and diaspora throughout the globe. Despite Tartan Day being primarily centred around celebrating and promoting Scottish history and culture, it was actually first acknowledged in Canada in the year 1987 from which it evolved into an event which is celebrated worldwide. This is because Tartan Day also raises recognition of the world’s connections to Scotland and the many great things this country has to offer.

A Little Bit of History…

Although Tartan Day was first recognised during the late 1980s, it primarily goes all the way back to the signing of the Declaration of Arbroath in the year 1320 when Scotland gained independence from England in line with the demands of Pope John XXII, and it became feasible for them to take military action if under attack. This took place on the 6^th of April that year – purposely coinciding with the day in which Tartan Day is celebrated annually.

A few centuries later after the Declaration of Arbroath, in the year 1746, an attempt to re-integrate the people of Scotland and England and abolish Jacobite clanship was made through the release of the Act of Proscription. This included outlawing revolts and protests amongst Scottish people and communities, as well as heavily restricting any displays of cultural through The Dress Act as an example, which made it against the law for individuals (albeit soldiers) to wear any clothes with tartan or plaid.

Shortly after this, a significant Scottish diaspora occurred throughout the 18^th and 19^th centuries in which thousands of Scottish individuals and communities fled and migrated to countries such as Canada, the USA and Australia after the Highland clearances commences and saw a significant rise in rent prices for Scottish people. Canada has since celebrated the contributions of Scottish people who migrated over to the USA and their own nation which also influenced the proposal and proclamation of the 6^th of April as Tartan Day.

The Witches of Scotland Tartan…

Tartan itself has also been used as a memorial piece honouring the victims – primarily women – of the Salem Witch Trials that took place throughout Scotland between the early fourteenth century and early sixteenth century. This campaign was established last year in 2025 to pay tribute to those who were executed during this period regarding accusations of ‘witchcraft,’ and was also launched with the aim of receiving an apology and legal pardon on their behalf.

The Witches of Scotland Tartan itself also tells a story in the colour scheme and thread count used. The colour scheme primarily consists of pinks, reds, black, grey and white, with pink and red being symbolic of blood and the brutal, tragic fate of those accused, grey and black representing this sombre period of history and the ashes of those sentenced to death, and the white check highlighting the three main objectives of this campaign: to receive a pardon, apology and ultimately act as a memorial for the victims of the Salem Witch Trials and those persecuted during this time. The 173-thread count represents the 173 years that the Witchcraft Act was in place for between 1563 and 1736. This symbolic memorial piece eventually became a part of the Scottish Register of Tartans in February 2025.

The tartan is designed to be worn and can be purchased through the official Witches of Scotland website and page. Their founders Claire Mitchell KC and Zoe Venditozzi also run a podcast series which I highly recommend for more information about the Witches of Scotland campaign, tartan and mission. This can be found through Spotify and Apple Podcasts.

How to celebrate Tartan Day…

There are many ways in which you can celebrate tartan day – not all of which involve wearing tartan as well:

Exploring and researching Scottish and Jacobite clan history.
Attending nearby parades and events such as Highland games.
Donning a specific item of tartan clothing or a tartan accessory.
Decorating parts of your home with tartan.
Enjoying traditional Scottish foods and fare such as shortbread and haggis.

Want to learn more about the history of the Scotland and the Scottish diaspora? We have a variety of relevant resources that can be found, accessed and requested via our LibrarySearch catalogue.

By Rachel Downie

Photo by Mykhaylo Kopyt Unsplash

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Ancient Pranks to Modern Traditions: The Fascinating History of April Fools’ Day

01/04/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

Ancient Pranks to Modern Traditions: The Fascinating History of April Fools’ Day

April Fools’ Day, known for its playful pranks and practical jokes, has a long and intriguing history that stretches back centuries. So let’s delve into the origins of April Fools’ Day, explore ancient pranks and traditions, discover how it is celebrated around the world, and examine famous pranks from history. We will also discuss the role of media in April Fools’ Day pranks, explore modern-day traditions, and even delve into the psychology behind this mischievous holiday. So, buckle up and prepare to uncover the fascinating history of April Fools’ Day!

Introduction to April Fools’ Day

April Fools’ Day, also known as All Fools’ Day, is celebrated on the 1st of April each year. It is a time when people play pranks and practical jokes on one another, often to trick unsuspecting victims. But where did this tradition originate? The exact origins of April Fools’ Day remain shrouded in mystery, but several theories attempt to explain its origins.

The Origins of April Fools’ Day

One theory suggests that April Fools’ Day dates back to the late 16th century when France switched from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar. Under the Julian calendar, New Year’s Day fell around the end of March or early April. However, with the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, New Year’s Day was moved to January 1st. Some people resisted this change and continued to celebrate the New Year on the old date. These individuals became the target of jokes and pranks, earning them the label of “April fools.”

Ancient Pranks and Traditions

Another theory links the origins of April Fools’ Day to ancient Roman festivals, such as Hilaria and Meditrinalia, which were celebrated around the end of March. During these festivities, people would engage in playful activities and wear disguises, much like the pranks played on April Fools’ Day today. This tradition of playful deception has persisted throughout history, and April Fools’ Day has become the perfect occasion for such mischief.

In medieval Europe, there was a tradition called the “Feast of Fools” that took place around Christmastime. During this feast, normal social hierarchies were temporarily inverted, and commoners would playfully mock and imitate those in positions of power. This topsy-turvy celebration shares similarities with the pranks and role reversals of April Fools’ Day.

April Fools’ Day around the World

April Fools’ Day is not only celebrated in Western countries but also has variations and equivalents in different cultures around the world. In India, for example, there is a festival called Holi, which often falls around the same time as April Fools’ Day. During Holi, people play pranks and throw coloured powders at one another, creating a joyful and mischievous atmosphere.

In Scotland, there is a tradition called “Hunting the Gowk” where people send unsuspecting victims on a wild goose chase. The person being pranked is sent on errands to fetch items that do not exist, such as a “long weight” or a “left-handed screwdriver.” This Scottish tradition shares similarities with the pranks played on April Fools’ Day.

Famous April Fools’ Day Pranks in History

Throughout history, April Fools’ Day has seen its fair share of memorable pranks. One of the most famous examples occurred in 1957 when the BBC aired a documentary about the Swiss Spaghetti Harvest. The program showed footage of people harvesting spaghetti from trees, leading many viewers to call in and ask how they could grow their own spaghetti tree.

In 1996, Taco Bell took out a full-page advertisement in several major newspapers announcing that it had purchased the Liberty Bell and renamed it the “Taco Liberty Bell.” This prank caused a stir, with many people believing it to be true and expressing outrage.

The Role of Media in April Fools’ Day Pranks

In the modern era, the media has played a significant role in April Fools’ Day pranks. News outlets, websites, and social media platforms often join in on the fun, publishing fake news stories or creating elaborate hoaxes to fool their audiences. These pranks can range from amusing and harmless to controversial and even politically charged.

One notable example is the 2013 prank by Google, where they announced the launch of Google Nose, a feature that claimed to allow users to smell scents through their computers or smartphones. While clearly a joke, this prank showcases how influential and creative April Fools’ Day pranks can be in the digital age.

Modern-Day April Fools’ Day Traditions

In recent years, April Fools’ Day has evolved into a day of lighthearted pranks, humorous hoaxes, and playful deception. People take pleasure in pulling pranks on friends, family, and coworkers, often with the intent of eliciting laughter and creating memorable moments. These pranks can range from simple tricks to elaborate schemes, with some individuals spending weeks planning their April Fools’ Day surprises.

Popular modern-day pranks include filling someone’s office with balloons, switching the sugar with salt, or placing a whoopee cushion on someone’s chair. The internet has also given rise to digital pranks, such as fake news articles or viral videos that captivate and confuse viewers before revealing their true nature.

The Psychology Behind April Fools’ Day Pranks

Why do we find pranks and practical jokes so amusing? The psychology behind April Fools’ Day pranks lies in the element of surprise and the temporary disruption of our expectations. When someone falls victim to a prank, their brain experiences a brief moment of confusion before realising that they have been fooled. This sudden change in perception often elicits laughter and a sense of joy.

Additionally, participating in April Fools’ Day pranks can foster a sense of bonding and social connection. By sharing in the laughter and merriment of a successful prank, we create moments of shared experience and playfulness, strengthening our relationships and creating positive memories.

Have fun!

April Fools’ Day may have humble origins rooted in ancient traditions and historical events, but it has evolved into a global celebration of humour and mischief. From ancient Rome to modern-day pranks, this mischievous holiday has captured the imagination of people around the world. Whether it’s a playful joke between friends or an elaborate hoax by a media outlet, April Fools’ Day reminds us of the joy that can be found in lighthearted deception and laughter. So, embrace the spirit of April Fools’ Day, but remember to keep it light-hearted and fun for everyone involved.

Let us know what pranks you have planned, or share some of your most memorable pranks below.

The library

Sadly, we must behave ourselves at the Library, so we will be keeping our pranks for home. If you are interested in finding out more, you can look up some great research on our library catalogue Librarysearch

By Juliet Kinsey

Read more about traditions on the blog here: Scottish New year Traditions

World Theatre Day

27/03/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

World Theatre Day

Established by the International Theatre Institute (ITI) in 1962, World Theatre Day is a global celebration of the power of theatre in bringing people together.

Held in a different country every year, the ITI work with the major theatre association of the host country to stage a festival celebrating the traditional national theatre practices of the host country. This year’s celebrations will be held in Luxembourg from the 25^th to the 27^th of March, in collaboration with the Theatre Federatioun.

The ITI

As well as moving the celebrations between different countries, the ITI works with a different theatre professional every year to release a short recorded message wherein the professional gives their thoughts on the role theatre can play in society. Past spokespersons have included major figures from the theatre world such as actors Dame Judi Dench and Lawrence Olivier, and playwrights Arthur Miller and Jean Coctaeu.

This year’s message was delivered by renowned actor Willem Dafoe, who many of you might know from his work in the Spider-Man films, or his recent work in films such as Nosferatu and Poor Things. In this year’s message, Dafoe spoke about his belief in the power of theatre to be more than just a vehicle for entertainment, but believes that it can allow us to interrogate ideas about modern society. As he puts it, he believes in :

“Theatre as a total art form can make us see what was, what is, and what our world could be.”

You can watch Dafoe’s short message for yourself on the official ITI YouTube page.

Edinburgh and Theatre

Edinburgh has a long relationship with the theatre, most famously with the Edinburgh Fringe, the world’s largest performing arts festival. Held across the city every August since the 1940s.
However, live theatre is a year-round activity in Edinburgh, so let’s have a quick look at some of the theatres here in Edinburgh.

The Royal Lyceum Theatre

Let’s start with the Royal Lyceum Theatre on Grindlay Street, the oldest active theatre house in the city. The Lyceum was opened in 1883 and has seen only light refurbishment in the 143 years since, meaning that going inside really does feel like stepping back in time. Indeed, the Lyceum is so old that it’s even rumoured to be haunted by the ghosts of past performers throughout its history.

The Lyceum is perhaps most known for hosting productions of various theatrical dramas, as well as staging some of the first Scottish productions of many renowned operas such as Madam Butterfly. To this day, you can see a huge variety of productions at the Lyceum, from Scottish classics such as The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, new productions such as an adaption of 1984 that will run this autumn, as well as stand-up comedy acts (I’m personally very excited to see Glasgow comedian Christopher Macarthur-Boyd perform his show Howling at the Moon at the Lyceum this November)
Along with this, the Lyceum also host a youth theatre for young people under the age of 25 who are interested in getting involved with the theatre.

Festival Theatre

Another grand old theatre of Edinburgh is the Festival Theatre, famous for hosting large-scale dance and musical theatre acts. Like the Lyceum, the Festival Theatre dates back to the Victorian era, although it’s seen much renovation over the years, especially following a catastrophic fire in 1911, which resulted in several deaths of cast and crew members. Originally built as an opera and ballet house, the Festival Theatre has changed over time to meet the changing tastes of audiences and the emergence of new forms of popular entertainment. Today, in addition to ballet and opera, you can also see productions of musical theatre, one-person shows, and musical tribute acts.

However, if you’re interested in more off-beat theatre in Edinburgh, you can check out the Bedlam Theatre, a student run theatre based out of an old church in the Old Town. The Bedlam host a variety of shows throughout the year, performed by students at Edinburgh University, with many shows even being original productions put on by the students themselves. The Bedlam can be a great venue if you want to see something unexpected and support student-run art.

Get Involved

If you’re curious about getting involved in live theatre yourself, then student-led theatre companies like the one at the Bedlam can be a great way for you to take your first steps in the theatre world. If you’re a student at Napier, then you should see about joining one of the performing arts societies we have here at the university, such as the Edinburgh Napier Drama Society or the Musical Theatre Society.

As Willem Dafoe talked about in his message this year, theatre can be a great way for us to make sense of the world around us, and it’s never too late to get involved.

By Matthew Ferrie

Read more on The Edinburgh Festival here.

St. Patrick’s Day

17/03/2026 / julietkinsey / 2 Comments

St. Patrick’s Day

Happy St. Patrick’s Day to all our Irish students and staff.

St. Patrick’s Day is celebrated on 17^th March. St. Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland, but there are parades and parties worldwide due to the large numbers of people with Irish heritage spread across the world.

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History of St.Patrick’s Day

Although there are no exact dates of his birth, it is believed that Patrick was born in the Roman-occupied north of England. and that he died on 17^th March. His autobiographical work “Confessio” claims that when he was around 16, Patrick was taken from his home in Britain by Irish pirates who took him to Ireland as a slave. There he looked after animals for around six years and converted to Christianity. He fled captivity after hearing a voice telling him he would soon go home. He found passage on a ship and after several days walking he returned home. Following his return, Patrick studied Christianity in Europe-mostly in Auxerre, France and was ordained into the priesthood there. He later returned to Ireland as a missionary, and by the 7^th century was already revered as the patron saint of Ireland.

The Irish Potato Famine

There are many people throughout the world with Irish ancestors due to the large numbers who emigrated because of the Irish Potato Famine. It started in 1845 when a fungus ruined around 75% of the annual potato crop, which most of the population relied on for food. Around one million Irish died before the end of the famine in 1852. Another million emigrated to countries such as Great Britain or the United States, and therefore you will find St. Patrick’s Day celebrated in many countries worldwide.

Celebrations

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Today descendants of the immigrants celebrate their Irish heritage by dressing up in colourful clothing in green and gold (the colours of the Irish flag), joining parades of pipe bands, cheerleaders, and floats. One of the biggest parades outside Ireland is in New York which held its first parade in 1762. This was a time when the wearing of green was a sign of Irish pride but was banned in Ireland. The parade gave participants the freedom to speak Irish, wear green, sing Irish songs and play the pipes to Irish tunes that were meaningful to the Irish immigrants of that time.

Aside from parades, many pubs and restaurants host events with live music and singing, and you shouldn’t have to look too hard to find one in Edinburgh!

By Vivienne Hamilton

Read more on world festivals and traditions with our articles:

Chinese New Year

Scottish Traditions: Burn’s Night

The Ethiopia Timkat Festival,

New Year Traditions from Around the World

Also, don’t forget you can find out more about everything mentioned in this article at Librarysearch.napier.ac.uk

Scottish Women in Science

11/02/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

Scottish Women in Science

To celebrate International Women and Girls in Science Day, let’s celebrate some amazing Scottish female Scientists.

Scotland has a rich history of scientific achievements, and Scottish women have played a pivotal role in shaping these accomplishments. From groundbreaking discoveries to innovative research, these remarkable women have defied societal norms and overcome countless obstacles to leave an indelible mark on the field of science.

Historical Scottish Women Pioneers in Science

Even in times when opportunities for women were severely limited, Scottish women managed to push the boundaries and excel in various scientific disciplines. One such pioneer was Mary Somerville, who became a renowned mathematician and astronomer in the 19th century. Her work in celestial mechanics and her influential book “The Mechanism of the Heavens” significantly contributed to our understanding of the universe.

Another trailblazer was Elizabeth Blackwell, who became the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States in 1849. Born in Aberdeen, Scotland, Blackwell faced immense challenges and discrimination in her pursuit of a medical career. Her determination and resilience not only opened doors for women in medicine but also paved the way for future generations of female physicians.

In the field of medicine, Dr. Elsie Inglis revolutionised healthcare by establishing the Scottish Women’s Hospitals during World War I. Her tireless efforts saved countless lives and challenged the prevailing gender norms of the time.

Modern Scottish Women Making Strides in the Scientific World

Professor Linda Bauld is a public health expert, Bauld has been instrumental in shaping Scotland’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Her research on public health behaviour and interventions has had a significant impact on policy both in Scotland and internationally.

In the realm of environmental science, Professor Sheila Rowan has made groundbreaking discoveries in gravitational wave detection. Her research has opened up new possibilities for studying the universe, earning her international acclaim and recognition.

The primatologist and neuroethologist Professor Dame Anne Glover is a world-leading expert on animal behaviour and cognition. She has served as Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government and has received many honours and awards.

Scientists of Edinburgh Napier University

Edinburgh Napier University is home to many talented women scientists who are making significant contributions in various fields.

Prof Yvonne Kuipers, Professor of Midwifery, has over 20 years of experience in women’s reproductive health. She has conducted research on a variety of topics, including home birth, traumatic childbirth experiences, and midwifery-led care.
Dr. Fiona Lees, Professor of Occupational Therapy, is an expert in disability studies. She has conducted research on a variety of topics, including wheelchair use, falls prevention, and social care.
Prof Emma Hart is a professor of computational intelligence here at Edinburgh Napier. She is known for her work in artificial immune systems (AIS), evolutionary computation and optimisation.
Dr. Clare Taylor is a Senior Lecturer in Medical Microbiology and is a passionate advocate of equality and inclusion

These are just a few examples of the many accomplished women scientists working at Edinburgh Napier University. Their research is making a real difference in the world, and they are inspiring the next generation of female scientists. In addition to these individual researchers, Edinburgh Napier University is committed to supporting women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) more broadly.

The university has several initiatives in place to encourage girls and young women to pursue careers in science. Such as the EQUATE Scotland program, which provides mentoring and support to women in the built environment, engineering, technology, and science sectors.

Celebrating the Achievements of Scottish Women in Science

Scottish women have played a vital role in shaping the scientific world. Defying societal expectations and making groundbreaking discoveries. From the pioneers of the past to the trailblazers of today, their contributions have paved the way for future generations of scientists. It is crucial to celebrate and recognise their achievements, while also working towards creating a more inclusive and equitable scientific community. By supporting and empowering Scottish women in science, we can ensure that their remarkable legacy continues to inspire and drive scientific progress for years to come.

Join us in celebrating the achievements of Scottish women in science by sharing their stories and advocating for gender equality in STEM fields. Together, we can break down barriers and create a more inclusive scientific community.

By Juliet Kinsey

World Pizza Day: A Business Lesson in Catering and Tourism

09/02/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

World Pizza Day: A Business Lesson in Catering and Tourism

World Pizza Day might sound like a novelty, but from a business perspective, it is surprisingly useful. Pizza is one of the most successful food products in the world. It operates across cultures, price points, and service models. That makes it a perfect case study for students interested in business, catering, and tourism.

When I think about pizza, I don’t just think about food. I think about product design, customer experience, supply chains, branding, and demand. Few products demonstrate all these so clearly.

From Street Food to Business Model

Pizza began as cheap street food in Naples. It was designed to be filling, fast, and affordable. There was no luxury positioning and no tourism market in mind. Demand came from local workers who needed convenience.

Over time, pizza moved indoors. The pizzeria emerged as a formal business. This shift changed everything. Pizza became an experience rather than just a product. Customers sat down, socialised, and returned regularly. Food historians describe this as a turning point where pizza became part of the hospitality industry rather than informal street trade.

From a business perspective, this is the moment pizza became scalable.

Pizza and Tourism Demand

Tourism and food are closely linked. People travel to experience culture, and food is one of the most accessible ways to do that. Pizza plays a central role in this relationship.

Cities like Naples attract tourists specifically for pizza. Visitors queue for well-known pizzerias, follow food trails, and book pizza-making experiences. Pizza becomes a tourism product rather than a background meal. It adds value to the destination and supports local businesses.

For tourism operators, pizza offers something rare. It is familiar enough to feel safe, but authentic enough to feel meaningful. This balance is crucial in tourism markets, especially for first-time visitors.

Pizza as a Global Business Brand

Pizza is global, but it is not identical everywhere. That is one of the reasons it succeeds.

In the United States, pizza emphasises speed and size. Italy focuses on tradition and technique. In other countries, toppings and service styles reflect local taste. This is product localisation in action. Business students study this concept often, and pizza provides a clear real-world example.

Research into global pizza franchises shows how brands maintain core identity while adapting to local demand. This strategy is not limited to food. It applies across tourism, retail, and service industries.

What Catering Can Learn from Pizza

Catering businesses face constant pressure. They must serve large numbers efficiently while meeting diverse customer expectations. Pizza performs exceptionally well in this environment.

It is easy to portion, simple to customise, and suitable for shared dining. It works at corporate events, festivals, student functions, and tourism venues. From an operational point of view, pizza supports cost control and speed. From a customer point of view, it offers comfort and choice.

This combination explains why pizza remains dominant in catering menus. It reduces risk while increasing satisfaction.

Food, Experience, and Memory

Tourism research consistently shows that food shapes memory. Visitors often remember meals more vividly than attractions. Pizza plays this role frequently because it encourages social interaction and informal dining.

Street food studies highlight how relaxed food environments create emotional connection. Pizza supports conversation, sharing, and group experience. For catering linked to tourism, this is exactly the outcome businesses want.

Why World Pizza Day Matters to Business Students

World Pizza Day is more than a celebration. It is a reminder that simple products can support complex business systems. Pizza demonstrates how food products evolve, how tourism demand shapes services, and how catering balances efficiency with experience.

For undergraduate business students, pizza offers a practical case study. It shows how local ideas scale globally. It shows how customer expectations drive adaptation. Most importantly, it shows how food connects business, tourism, and culture in ways that are both profitable and meaningful.

Library Resources

The Library has a wealth of resources for you to use if you study Business. Use our Library catalogue to find resources and check out our Libguides for focused help.

Check out these for Inspiration:

Vesuvius, pizza, coffee and…Innovation: Is a new paradigm possible for the creative “Vesuvius Valley”, Naples, Italy?

A journal on all things pizza: Pizza Today

Plunkett Analytics Reports. Fast-Food, Pizza Delivery, Takeout and Family Restaurants Industry (US)

Social media competitive analysis and text mining: A case study in the pizza industry

Maestro Pizza: Disrupting the Pizza Business Model in Saudi Arabia

By Juliet Kinsey

Find out more about Library Resources with our post on Libguides

🏳️‍🌈LGBT+ History Month 2026🏳️‍🌈

01/02/2026 / julietkinsey / 0 Comments

🏳️‍🌈LGBT+ History Month 2026🏳️‍🌈

Every February, the United Kingdom marks LGBT+ History Month. It’s a time to learn, reflect and celebrate the lives and achievements of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and + communities. The month began in 2005, just after the repeal of Section 28 in England and Wales. It was founded by activists Sue Sanders and Paul Patrick of Schools OUT UK to make LGBT+ people and their histories visible.

This year’s focus is on science and medicine. Honouring LGBT+ contributions to research, healthcare delivery, public health, and patient care. It also challenges the historical harm that LGBT+ people have faced in healthcare systems.

Even today, many LGBT+ people experience barriers in healthcare. Some face discrimination, lack of culturally‑aware services, or mental health challenges tied to stigma. Celebrations like LGBT+ History Month encourage health services to become more inclusive.

Why is LGBT+ History Month important?

Understand LGBTQ+ Contributions: Gain insight into the rich history and achievements of LGBTQ+ people, recognising their significant impact on society.
Combat Bullying: Address and prevent bullying and discrimination against LGBTQ+ students by fostering empathy and respect.
Have Inclusive Education: Teach about LGBTQ+ people and the contributions they have made to make education more inclusive.
Celebrate Diversity: Acknowledge and celebrate the diverse identities and accomplishments of LGBTQ+ individuals, promoting a culture of acceptance.
Have Role Models: Show positive LGBTQ+ role models so students can see that being LGBTQ+ is something to be proud of. (Source: The Proud Trust)

Pioneers in Medicine and Health

History often erases LGBT+ contributions. But many LGBT+ scientists, doctors, and health advocates changed the world. Here are a few key figures to celebrate:

Alan Turing (1912‑1954)

Alan Turing was one of the leading mathematicians of the 20th Century. He was a British mathematician and logician who made major contributions to mathematics, cryptanalysis, logic, philosophy, and mathematical biology. He is responsible for breaking the Nazi Enigma code, helping win WW2. Furthermore, his work would help lead to the creation of the modern computer. His most famous work is the paper published in 1950, asking “Can machines think?”

In 1952, Turing was convicted of gross indecency under Section11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1885. Subsequently, he sadly took his own life not long after in1954. It wasn’t until 2009 that the British Government apologised for, and he was pardoned in 2013.

Sophia Jex‑Blake (1840‑1912)

Sophia was a trailblazing physician. She fought to open medical training to women in Britain. In 1869, she was one of the first women to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh. Her success helped open doors for others. She lived much of her life in a close relationship with Dr Margaret Todd, and many historians consider her part of LGBT+ history.

Cecil Belfield Clarke (1894‑1970)

Cecil was a doctor and innovator in the NHS. Born in Barbados, he studied medicine at Cambridge and then practised in London for decades. He made a lasting contribution with a method for calculating children’s medicine doses that is still in use. Clarke’s life also reflects the reality that many queer people had to keep their relationships private in earlier eras.

Magnus Hirschfeld (1868‑1935)

Hirschfeld was a German physician and sexologist. He challenged medical norms about sexuality and gender long before others. He founded the Institute for Sexual Science and spoke out for LGBTQ+ rights. His work laid the foundation for modern research and queer health advocacy.

Dr Sara Josephine Baker (1873‑1945)

Dr Baker was a public health hero. Working in New York slums, she reduced infant deaths by teaching mothers hygiene and infant care. She lived with her partner Ida Wylie and is now recognised as a lesbian pioneer in health. Her work shows how public health research impacts entire communities.

Alan L. Hart (1890‑1962)

Hart was a transgender physician who helped transform tuberculosis detection. He used x‑ray technology to find and treat lung disease, saving many lives. Hart’s dual identity as a scientist and trans man challenges stereotypes of who can be a leader in medicine.

The Library

Here at the Library, we think it is incredibly important to support and promote equality and diversity. Furthermore, we are working hard to create more inclusive collections and to support our LGBT+ users and staff. For example, we are currently creating a permanent LGBT+ virtual bookshelf here on our blog, and we are training our staff to be inclusive in their actions and the language they use.

Resources

If you are an LGBT+ student, you can join Edinburgh Napier’s LGBT+ Society. You can also find out more about the student LGBT+ community on the Queer Napier site. Visit our web pages to learn more about becoming an ally. Here on the blog you can check out our virtual bookshelf

In addition, The Library has a wealth of books and articles on the subject. From the history of LGBT+ rights to current Legal information to keep you informed. Use LibrarySearch to find what you are looking for, or contact us for help with any of your research needs.

Here are some items available through the Library to get you started:

Same-sex, different politics: success and failure in the struggles over gay rights

Lgbt Activism and the Making of Europe A Rainbow Europe

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans people (LGBT) and the criminal justice system

Equality

By Juliet Kinsey

Read more on our blog with articles on : Alan Turing and Women in Science

Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival

Your Complete Guide to Scotland’s Ancient Celtic Celebration

What Is Beltane? The Ancient Celtic Fire Festival

Origins of the Beltane Holiday

Traditional Beltane Celebrations Across Scotland

The Meaning Behind the Sacred Fires

Beltane’s Connection to Summer and Fertility

The Edinburgh Beltane Fire Festival: How It All Began

The 1988 Revival on Calton Hill

From Arthur’s Seat to Calton Hill

The Beltane Fire Society and Community Involvement

How the Festival Has Grown Over the Years

Key Characters, Rituals, and Performances

The May Queen: Mother Goddess of Summer

The Green Man: Death and Rebirth

The White Women and the Blues

Fire Performances and Drumming

The Procession and Sacred Rituals

The Bonfire and Dawn Celebration

Attending the Festival

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International Jazz Day

History of Jazz

Scottish Jazz

The Edinburgh Jazz Festival

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World Art Day in Scotland

Edinburgh Galleries

Some important Scottish artists of Edinburgh

Phoebe Anna Traquair

Eduardo Paolozzi

Sekai Machache

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Tartan Day

A Little Bit of History…

The Witches of Scotland Tartan…

How to celebrate Tartan Day…

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Ancient Pranks to Modern Traditions: The Fascinating History of April Fools’ Day

Introduction to April Fools’ Day

The Origins of April Fools’ Day

Ancient Pranks and Traditions

April Fools’ Day around the World

Famous April Fools’ Day Pranks in History

The Role of Media in April Fools’ Day Pranks

Modern-Day April Fools’ Day Traditions

The Psychology Behind April Fools’ Day Pranks

Have fun!

The library

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World Theatre Day

The ITI

Edinburgh and Theatre

The Royal Lyceum Theatre

Festival Theatre

Get Involved

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St. Patrick’s Day

History of St.Patrick’s Day

The Irish Potato Famine

Celebrations

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Scottish Women in Science

Historical Scottish Women Pioneers in Science

Modern Scottish Women Making Strides in the Scientific World

Scientists of Edinburgh Napier University

Celebrating the Achievements of Scottish Women in Science

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World Pizza Day: A Business Lesson in Catering and Tourism

From Street Food to Business Model

Pizza and Tourism Demand

Pizza as a Global Business Brand