The Library Blog

Edinburgh Napier University Library blog. Filled with useful and fun blog articles on using the Library, the University, Edinburgh and many other fun topics.

Welcome to the Edinburgh Napier University Library Blog 👋

12/01/2026 / / 0 Comments

We share friendly, practical posts from the Library team to help you study smarter, research with confidence, and make the most of the resources available to you at Edinburgh Napier University. We also have lots of fun, interesting posts on Scotland and on pretty much anything the Library staff find interesting!

Here you’ll find tips on things like finding good sources, referencing without the stress, using library spaces and digital tools, and navigating your way through assignments and deadlines. We also post updates about library services, new resources, and the occasional behind-the-scenes look at what’s going on in the Library.

Our aim is to keep things clear, helpful, and occasionally fun. Whether you’re new to university, deep into your dissertation, or just looking for a quick answer, this blog is here to support you throughout your studies.

New posts appear regularly during the academic year, so check back often — or dip in whenever you need a bit of library help.

Healthy Eating Guide for Students image of lots of healthy foods on a plate

Healthy Eating Guide for Students

02/03/2026 / / 0 Comments

Healthy Eating Guide for Students

When preparing for exams and assignment deadlines, it is particularly important to feed and fuel your body as well as your brain. Eating well and eating satiating meals is essential for boosting your cognitive function, concentration, memory and energy levels when studying – many studies have shown that eating a satiating breakfast on the day of an exam and staying adequately hydrated can boost exam performance and results.

With regards to the basics of healthy eating, you should ultimately ensure that you are eating plenty of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats. As we care about your academic career and aim to help you get the best out of your studies, we have put together this blog post on how to utilise food as fuel to help maximise your chances of achieving the best grades possible, as well as get the best out of university life and your time with us here at Edinburgh Napier University, too!

The 5 key elements of healthy eating

There are at least five key elements of eating a healthy diet:

Water

After all, we are made up of 70% water! Particularly, our brains and blood which is 90% water. A typical guideline for staying adequately hydrated is to drink at least 2 litres of water a day. It helps us to flush out toxins from our bodies, aid our digestion and avoid experiencing the often-debilitating side effects that come with dehydration, such as fatigue, dizziness, impaired concentration, lower energy levels and headaches. You can get roughly 30% of your required daily fluid intake by consuming lots of fruit and vegetables; however, it is recommended that you also drink lots of fluids as well, with water being the most efficient and cost-effective option. Herbal and fruit teas are also a good source of hydration.

Fibre

This is essential for your gut health, a healthy digestive system and regulating bowel movements as well as your blood sugar levels. Since a majority of your immune system is based in your gut as well, this makes fibre a stable part of keeping your gut bacteria healthy, as well as your immune health. Most of us generally do not get enough fibre in our diet – you need at least 30g to reach the recommended daily intake. Nevertheless, a diet high in fruit and vegetables can help reach this, followed by foods such as brown rice, brown pasta, wholegrain or rye bread, beans, pulses, lentils, nuts and seeds. Most of these can be incorporated into a variety of meals, such as curries and casseroles.

Fats

Fat is a fundamental element of a healthy diet – we need it for our bodies to produce hormones, which reduce inflammation. Examples of good-quality fats include olive oil, nuts such as almonds and peanuts, oily fish such as salmon and sardines, and avocados. Saturated fats are okay in moderation – these include fatty cuts of meat and poultry, butter, cream, cheese, and baked goods. These do offer some health benefits themselves, but too much can heighten your risk of stroke and heart disease.

Protein

This macronutrient is essential for maintaining muscle mass, healthy skin and bones as it acts as a vital building block which aids with growth, immune and cell function, repair and enzyme/hormone production. It also provides a satiating source of food, which keeps us fuller for longer. Some of the best quality sources of protein include the following: Milk, eggs, yoghurt, chicken, turkey, beans, pulses, nuts, seeds, fish and seafood, beef and soya (a good dairy alternative)!

Colour

As the saying goes – eat the rainbow! You should try to eat a variety of different coloured foods as they each offer a range of different benefits for your health as well as disease risk reduction. For example, orange and yellow fruits such as mangos, carrots, sweet potatoes and peaches contain carotenoids which our bodies convert into vitamin A – an essential nutrient for maintaining our eye health and vision, immunity, skin health and cell growth.

Red, blue and purple fruits and vegetables have various properties that are preventative against some forms of cancer – blue and purple ones are also thought to be preventative against dementia as well. Some examples of these fruits and vegetables consist of tomatoes, apples, black grapes, plums, blueberries, aubergine and red berries.

Then there’s green foods such as kale, spinach, broccoli and cucumber, which support your vision, keep your bones strong and can be preventative against some forms of cancer as well as blood clotting.

Recommendations

We have some great reads and recipe books if you are looking for some inspiration and to improve your nutritional intake. All of these titles can be found and requested through our LibrarySearch catalogue.

  • Cooking on a bootstrap: over 100 simple, budget recipes. Monroe, Jack (Journalist), author. 2018. Available at Craiglockhart, Merchiston and Sighthill Campus Libraries.
  • Eat Up! Tandoh, Ruby, author. 2018. Available at Craiglockhart, Merchiston and Sighthill Campus Libraries.
  • The female factor: making women’s health count – and what it means for you. Wallace, Hazel, author.; Mayson, Lizzie, photographer (expression); Food medic, associated with work. 2022. Available at Sighthill Campus Library.

You can find more recommendations in our Wellbeing Collection, and why not check out the Virtual Relaxation Space too?

By Rachel Downie

Photo by Vanessa Loring on Pexels

Image with bright reds and the word courage written in the middle for post University Refugee Week 2026: A Celebration of Courage

University Refugee Week 2026 : A Celebration of Courage

02/03/2026 / / 0 Comments

University Refugee Week 2026: A Celebration of Courage

Refugee Week

Every year in June, the UK pauses to shine a light on the importance of Refugees. Refugee Week brings people from diverse backgrounds together, celebrating the strength, creativity, resilience, and contributions of refugees and people seeking sanctuary. Refugee Week 2026 will run from 15–21 June, with the official theme of Courage.

Courage is central to the refugee experience. It shapes every journey, every decision to leave home, and every step toward a future in a new place. This year, Refugee Week invites us to reflect on what courage truly means. It asks us to recognise courage in many forms. Courage can be loud or quiet, visible or unseen. It can be the choice to speak up or the choice to simply keep going. Regardless, courage drives every story worth telling. Refugee Week connects us to millions of people across the globe who have fled war, persecution, climate disaster, and other forms of violence. It takes place around World Refugee Day (20 June), a United Nations-backed day of recognition. Together, these moments highlight not only struggle, but also hope and human potential.

What the Week Looks Like Across the UK

Across the UK, Refugee Week 2026 will feature events, talks, exhibitions, film screenings, workshops, performances, and community gatherings. Communities large and small use this week to share stories, show solidarity, and celebrate culture. Many events are free and open to everyone. Some highlight artistic expression. Others focus on community building, education, or advocacy. In every case, the aim is the same: to bring people together, to listen, and to learn.

Step by step, these activities remind us that refugees do more than survive. They enrich their communities, teach us about courage in everyday life, and remind us that courage takes many shapes, from the bold to the ordinary. It can be as grand as public resistance and it can be as simple as welcoming a neighbour.

University Refugee Week

University Refugee Week connects higher education communities across the UK in a shared moment of recognition and reflection. It celebrates the strength, talent and determination of refugees and people seeking sanctuary. At the same time, it encourages universities to think carefully about the part they play in creating environments built on welcome, opportunity and genuine belonging.

Throughout the week, campuses host lectures, panel discussions, creative workshops and open forums. These events bring students, academic staff and external partners into conversation. They create space to explore the realities of forced displacement. They also centre lived experience, ensuring refugee voices lead and inform the discussion.

Importantly, the week does more than raise awareness. It challenges institutions to act. Universities can widen access through scholarships and tailored admissions pathways. They can provide mentoring, language support and community networks. They can also shape research, policy and public debate. Step by step, these actions help turn values into practical support.

University Refugee Week will take place from 2–8 March 2026. During these seven days, higher education institutions across the UK will come together with a shared purpose: to strengthen understanding, encourage solidarity and expand meaningful opportunities for those rebuilding their lives through education.

Continue reading

Women’s History Month 2026: Leading the Change Toward Sustainability image of 4 female scientists

Women’s History Month 2026: Leading the Change Toward Sustainability

01/03/2026 / / 0 Comments

Women’s History Month 2026: Leading the Change Toward Sustainability

March is Women’s History Month. Every year, we take time to celebrate the contributions of women. We also learn from their leadership, reflect on progress and the challenges still before us. This year’s official theme is “Leading the Change: Women Shaping a Sustainable Future.”

Women Shaping a Sustainable Future

Sustainability means more than saving energy or planting trees. It reaches into economics, social justice, climate adaptation, technology, and culture. The National Women’s History Alliance chose this year’s theme — Leading the Change: Women Shaping a Sustainable Future — to highlight women whose work makes systems stronger, smarter, and fairer. Their leadership shows that people and the planet can thrive together.

Environmental Innovation and Renewable Energy

Women across the world are inventing new clean energy solutions that power homes and protect ecosystems. Inna Braverman, a co-founder of Eco Wave Power, built technology that generates electricity from ocean waves, expanding renewable energy options beyond wind and solar. Her company has installed grid-connected projects in ports and coastal regions.

Reyhan Jamalova started Rainergy while still a student. Her system harnesses rainwater to generate electricity for communities with limited power access, offering an affordable, low-emission alternative to traditional grids.

Work like this showcases how women take leadership far beyond advocacy — they create tangible technology that delivers sustainable power and expands energy access.

Engineering Resilience and Sustainable Infrastructure

Engineering for climate resilience means designing systems that withstand floods, heat, and storms. Women in fields from architecture to civil engineering are redefining resilient infrastructure.

The Society of Women Engineers highlights projects like Living Breakwaters in New York, which reinforce shorelines against storm damage while rebuilding ecosystems and community space.

Architect and sustainability consultant Chinwe Ohajuruka uses bio-climatic design and solar housing in Nigeria to build affordable homes adapted to local climates, making communities safer and more energy-efficient.

Landscape architect Kotchakorn Voraakhom integrates nature into cities so they handle climate risks more effectively. Her projects in Bangkok capture and reuse stormwater, reduce heat, and add public food-producing spaces, turning flood-vulnerable areas into productive urban ecology.

These real examples show how resilience is both a technical challenge and a creative one — requiring people who think beyond concrete into ecosystems and communities.

Economic Sustainability and Business Leadership

Sustainability also connects to business transformation and economic justice. Across industries, women executives drive corporate decisions that shift investment toward climate-friendly solutions.

One sustainability leader in finance, Marisa Drew, directs strategies that support renewable infrastructure investment and reduce emissions through large-scale financing commitments. This work brings needed capital to innovations around the world that fight climate change.

Female entrepreneurs like Susan Blanchet, whose company Origen Air creates plant-based rooftop systems to clean indoor air, show how sustainable products can reshape our built environment and reduce health risks from pollution.

These efforts prove that sustainability is not only technical but economic — building markets that reward environmental responsibility and enhance community wellbeing.

Education, Advocacy, and Inclusive Policy

Educators and advocates play a crucial role in preparing the next generation. Women climate scientists and climate policy experts educate global audiences and influence leaders to adopt equitable sustainability policies. A thought leader in sustainable development has helped bring systems-level climate thinking into mainstream conversations through books and global forums.

Advocates for equity ensure that climate policies include voices from historically underrepresented communities. Their work makes sustainability inclusive, emphasising that long-term environmental goals must align with social justice.

Health, Community, and Cultural Change

Social sustainability — including health, equity, and community resilience — receives increased attention thanks to women leaders pushing for better systems. Initiatives in public health and community organisation help ensure that climate impacts and economic shifts don’t disproportionately burden vulnerable groups.

Cultural influence amplifies sustainability goals. Artists, writers, and filmmakers use narrative to expand awareness about climate justice. These cultural tools help shape public values and encourage broader public participation in sustainability efforts.

Women of Edinburgh Napier University

Dr Emily Alder: Academic associated with the Centre for Conservation and Restoration Science; interests include education for sustainable development and environmental humanities (e.g., coasts/seas).

Dr Gráinne Barkess: Local lead for the Scotland Beyond Net Zero hub at Edinburgh Napier University and Head of Research Environment and Services, with involvement in net-zero/ sustainability research coordination.

Sophie Gerrard: Lecturer and documentary photographer focusing on environmental and social themes (environment-linked research and teaching).

Dr Carolina Costa Pereira: Her research interests lie in renewable energy, energy conversion systems, heat transfer problems and latent heat thermal energy storage for different applications.

Sustainability Beyond March

Women’s History Month offers a moment to recognise leadership, but the work continues year-round. Partnerships between sectors such as engineering, business, education, government, and community groups are essential.

Sustainable systems succeed when multiple voices shape how they evolve. Inclusion ensures that solutions are effective and just. Young innovators and seasoned leaders from all intersectionalities can collaborate, exchange knowledge, and scale impact together.

Toward a Balanced Future

Women leading sustainable change demonstrate that systems innovation and human wellbeing can coexist. Their achievements, whether through renewable energy technology, resilient design, economic leadership, or social advocacy, reflect a holistic approach to sustainability.

History and the present moment both show that sustainability isn’t a solo effort; it’s a collective challenge that requires creativity, courage, and collaboration. Women’s contributions, in every sector, strengthen our ability to face climate, social, and economic challenges with resilience and vision.

Women’s History Month 2026 invites everyone to participate in this work. Not just to celebrate progress, but to accelerate it.

By Juliet Kinsey

Read previous articles on Scottish women in Science here.

Man studying sitting in springtime under cherry blossoms for article Spring Dissertation Studies

Spring Dissertation Studies

25/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

Spring Dissertation Studies

The worst of the winter is behind us, and spring is almost here! That does, however, mean that you will have assignments to do. Your dissertation hand in date is fast approaching, so the library is here to help. There’s lots of information on our web pages which can help with all your information gathering and writing.

Library Search

We have an extensive book stock, which can be requested using Library Search and many different titles on how to plan and write a dissertation. Books which are not at your home campus can be requested using the Click and Collect service and collected from the Click and Collect shelf at your chosen campus. Library Search also gives access to electronic articles to help with your studies. There are database and journal search functions and facets to allow you to refine your searches by date, format, etc.

Other libraries

If you know there is an item you are interested in looking at and it is available at another university, then the Sconul Access scheme may help. This allows you to borrow books from or have reference access to other university libraries, and applications can be made through the Sconul Access website. It may also be useful to become a member of the National Library of Scotland. With access to millions of print and digital items, it is certainly worth searching here for information, and it is easy to join.

Inter library loans

Unable to access a book or journal article through Library Search? Is it too far to travel to another university? You could try requesting the item from our interlibrary loan service, and we will try to source it from one of our partner libraries. Articles and book chapters are supplied electronically, and print books will be sent to the campus of your choice.

Subject librarians

Taken a look at the Reference Guidelines, but still need some help with referencing? Our subject librarians can assist, and they also have in-depth knowledge of databases and literature reviewing. They have prepared LibGuides for each school, full of useful information and links. Subject guides provide access to subject information by school, and Research guides offer tips on how to develop research and digital information skills.

Training and events

Check out Training and Events calendar  to find out if there are any sessions you may find useful.

Opening hours and contacts

Libraries are currently observing term time hours with 24 hour opening at Merchiston campus for those who need a suitable place to work at any time.

To contact your subject librarian or for general library enquiries: My Librarian

Out-of-hours assistance is also provided by the NorMAN service: Out of hours

For general library enquiries and information:

Wellbeing

At this time important to take care of your wellbeing as you may be working hard for long periods of time. Creating a work routine and setting achievable goals can help with your work schedule. Make detailed plans and stick to them remembering to take breaks, keep active and eat well and get enough good quality sleep. Here in the library we have several books in our Wellbeing Collection to provide all the information you need to look after yourself ranging from healthy eating to stress management.

Each campus library has a Relaxation Space where you can take some time out if you are working on campus. There are jigsaws and colouring sheets to help you de-stress and our Virtual Relaxation Space can be accessed from outwith the university. It offers links tips on mindfulness, breathing exercises, relaxing music and more!

Sleep

Getting enough quality sleep is also important. Lack of sleep can affect you and some of the consequences of this are:

  • Irritability
  • Daytime fatigue
  • Increased anxiety
  • Trouble concentrating
  • Lack of creativity
  • Negative impact on your overall mental health

Staying awake for 18 hours can have the same effect as a blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.05%, which is the same as the Scottish drink drive limit. Staying awake for 24 hours can equate to a BAC of 0.10% which is well over it so for getting off to sleep the following tips are worth considering:

  • Consistency-try going to bed at the same time and waking up at the same time each morning
  • Make sure your bedroom is quiet and at a comfortable temperature.
  • Remove electronic devices an hour before you want to sleep.
  • Exercise during the day.
  • Avoid alcohol, caffeine or large meals before sleeping.
  • Structure your day and plan ahead of your exams, assignments and due dates and activities so you don’t end up cramming or working late into the night.

Always remember help is at hand:

For research advice and to contact your subject librarian: Subject Librarian

For help with academic writing and skills: Improve your academic & study skills

For mental wellbeing: Counselling & Mental Wellbeing

We wish all our students the best of luck with their submissions and exams.

By Vivienne Hamilton

Read more on Study Help in our post: Academic skills and study support

Sports Science Journals image of trainers and legs standing on white line looking very sporty

Sports Science Journals

22/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

Sports Science Journals

This month, we are giving a special shout-out to the Human Kinetics Journal Package that we have an institutional subscription to. This particular journal package and major publisher provide full-text access to a wide range of peer-reviewed journals, scholarly articles and resources covering relevant fields and subject areas. 27 journal titles altogether are available within this package – including high-impact, high-quality titles such as the International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, the Journal of Sport Management, and the Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. This is an ideal collection to consult for researchers, professors, coaches, healthcare professionals, practitioners and anyone studying or working within the field of sport science.

What is Human Kinetics?…

Also referred to as kinesiology, human kinetics looks at the science of human movement and mobility, function and performance. Coinciding topics can also be physiology, anatomical studies and biomechanics. Its central focus is how movement and physical activity aid and affect performance as well as general health. The study of human kinetics is essential for anyone who wishes to work in fields or disciplines such as sports coaching, personal training, athletics and physiotherapy.

Our SPORTDiscus Database…

Edinburgh Napier University subscribes to a range of databases which provide access to scholarly journals, titles and resources on sports science, human kinetics, fitness and related fields. Some of these include CINAHL Ultimate, PEDro, Medline and SPORTDiscus. SPORTDiscus provides access to just over 600 indexed and abstracted journals which extensively cover various areas of sport science such as fitness, rehabilitation, nutrition, sports management and coaching, physiology and kinesiology. It is a premier bibliographic database for sports science research and includes books and theses dating back to the early 1800s, as well as its vast collection of sports science journals. You can find a link to our SPORTDiscus database and more information about it and other relevant databases in our LibGuide.

ACSM Textbooks…

Edinburgh Napier University students and staff also have online access to three ACSM textbooks, which can be found and accessed through our LibrarySearch catalogue. They are made available to access digitally through a platform called Vital Source. After clicking the link, enter your email to create an account or choose ‘Continue without an Account’. We recommend creating an account to access personalisation features. A limited number of users can access this book at the same time. Once you have finished reading the book, please choose the ‘Back’ option to return to the Bookshelf homepage and then click on the three dots beside the book in your ‘Recent Activity’. Choose the ‘Return’ option to make the book available for another user.

If you would prefer a physical copy of these textbooks, we do have some in stock in our Sighthill campus library. You can come in and grab a copy or request them using  LibrarySearch. Requests can be picked up from any campus library.  Simply select ‘Request’ underneath the item record, select which campus you would like to pick the book up from, and we will keep it on hold for you for up to seven days.

Browzine…

You can also gain online access to a range of journals we have institutional subscriptions to via BrowZine. Browzine has a range of different journal articles available to consult that are relevant to all of our different schools and disciplines at Edinburgh Napier University.

By Rachel Downie

photo of card catalogue for blog post: From Ancient Scrolls to Digital Archives

From Ancient Scrolls to Digital Archives

22/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

From Ancient Scrolls to Digital Archives: Tracing the Evolution of Library Databases and Primary Sources

The Importance of Primary Sources

In the realm of historical research, primary sources play a vital role in uncovering the truth behind significant events and shaping our understanding of the past. These original documents, artefacts, and eyewitness accounts provide direct evidence of historical events. Furthermore, they offer unique perspectives that cannot be captured through secondary sources alone. From ancient scrolls to digital archives, the evolution of library databases has revolutionised the way we access and utilise primary sources, making historical research more accessible and comprehensive than ever before.

The Evolution of Library Databases: From Ancient Scrolls to the Digital Age

The history of library databases is deeply intertwined with the progression of human civilisation. In ancient times, before the advent of printed books, knowledge was stored in the form of scrolls and manuscripts. These precious primary sources were meticulously preserved in libraries, serving as the foundation of historical research for centuries.

Fast forward to the modern era, and we witness the transformation of library databases. From card catalogues to online repositories. In the past, researchers would spend countless hours sifting through card catalogues, manually searching for relevant sources. However, with the advent of computers and the internet, library databases became digitised, leading to a significant shift in the way we access and organise primary sources.

The History of Databases: From Card Catalogues to Online Repositories

Card catalogues contained index cards, each representing a specific book or document, arranged alphabetically by author, title, or subject. Researchers would physically search through these catalogues to identify relevant sources. This process could be time-consuming and tedious.

With the rise of computers, libraries began digitising their catalogues, creating online databases that transformed the way researchers accessed information. Instead of flipping through cards, users could now search for specific keywords or browse through virtual shelves. This transition not only made the research process more efficient but also allowed for the inclusion of more comprehensive metadata, further enhancing the accessibility and discoverability of primary sources.

Check out our article on Boolean Searching for tips!

Moreover, the digitisation of primary sources has also made it possible to preserve fragile and deteriorating documents. By creating high-quality digital copies, researchers can access and study these sources without risking further damage to the originals. This preservation effort ensures that future generations will have access to these valuable historical materials. Here at Edinburgh Napier University, we have our own online repository where we preserve the work of our University members.

The Role of National Archives in Preserving Historical Primary Sources

National archives play a crucial role in preserving historical primary sources. These institutions are responsible for collecting, cataloguing, and safeguarding a nation’s most important documents and artefacts. By ensuring the long-term preservation of these sources, national archives provide researchers with a wealth of primary materials to explore.

In the past, access to national archives was often limited to physical visits. Researchers had to travel long distances to access specific collections. However, the advent of online databases has democratized access to these valuable resources. Many national archives now offer digitised collections, allowing researchers from around the world to explore primary sources without leaving their desks.

The Best Databases for Historical Research:

When it comes to historical research, having access to reliable and comprehensive databases is essential. Fortunately, there are numerous online platforms that cater specifically to historians and researchers. Here are some of the best databases for historical primary sources:

JSTOR: JSTOR is a widely recognised and respected database that provides access to a vast collection of academic journals, books, and primary sources. It covers a wide range of disciplines, making it an invaluable resource for researchers in various fields.

ProQuest: ProQuest offers a comprehensive collection of historical newspapers, magazines, dissertations, and other primary sources. Its vast database allows users to search across multiple disciplines and time periods, making it a valuable tool for historical research.

Europeana: Europeana is a digital platform that provides access to millions of digitised cultural heritage items from European museums, libraries, and archives. It offers a rich collection of primary sources, including artworks, manuscripts, photographs, and more.

Library of Congress Digital Collections: The Library of Congress Digital Collections houses a vast array of primary sources, ranging from historical photographs and prints to maps, manuscripts, and sound recordings. It offers a treasure trove of resources for researchers interested in American history.

British Library: Discovering Literature: The British Library’s Discovering Literature database provides access to a wide range of primary sources related to British literature and history. It includes digitised manuscripts, letters, and rare books, offering valuable insights into the literary and cultural heritage of the United Kingdom. Sadly, it is currently unavailable. Hopefully, they will be able to restore it eventually.

These databases represent just a fraction of the available resources for historical research. It is important for researchers to explore various platforms and databases to find the ones that best suit their specific research interests and needs. Check out Librarysearch for a comprehensive list of all our current databases!

The Challenges and Limitations of Historical Databases

While historical databases have greatly enhanced the accessibility and efficiency of historical research, they are not without their challenges and limitations. One of the primary challenges is the sheer volume of information available. With millions of documents and sources at our fingertips, researchers must develop effective search strategies and critically evaluate the relevance and reliability of the sources they encounter.

Another challenge is the potential for bias and misinformation within databases. It is crucial for researchers to be aware of the biases that may be present in primary sources and to approach them with a critical mindset. Additionally, the digitization process itself may introduce errors or discrepancies, further emphasising the importance of careful evaluation and verification of primary sources.

Furthermore, not all primary sources are readily available online. Some materials may still be limited to physical archives, requiring researchers to visit specific locations to access them. Additionally, certain primary sources may be protected by copyright restrictions, making them inaccessible to the public.

Exploring Primary Historical Sources: Tips for Effective Research

When conducting research using primary historical sources, it is important to employ effective strategies to maximise the value of your findings. Here are some tips to help you navigate the vast landscape of historical databases and make the most of your research:

  1. Define your research question: Clearly define your research question or topic before diving into the databases. This will help you focus your search and narrow down the results to the most relevant sources.
  2. Utilise advanced search features: Take advantage of the advanced search features offered by databases to refine your search. Use Boolean operators, filters, and other tools to narrow down your results and find the most pertinent sources.
  3. Cross-reference multiple sources: To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information you find, cross-reference multiple sources whenever possible. This will help you identify any discrepancies or biases and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic.
  4. Read beyond abstracts: While abstracts provide a brief overview of a source, they may not always accurately represent its content. Take the time to read the full text of an article or document to fully grasp its context and relevance to your research.
  5. Engage with the scholarly community: Participate in academic conferences, join online forums, and engage with fellow researchers to stay updated on the latest developments in your field. Collaborating and exchanging ideas with others can greatly enrich your research experience.

Online Resources for Accessing Primary Historical Sources

In addition to the databases mentioned earlier, there are numerous online resources that provide access to primary historical sources. Here are a few noteworthy platforms

  1. Internet Archive: The Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library that provides free access to millions of books, films, audio recordings, and other primary sources. It offers a vast collection of digitised materials spanning various disciplines and time periods.
  2. World Digital Library (WDL): The World Digital Library is a project by UNESCO in partnership with libraries and cultural institutions around the world. It provides free access to digitised primary sources from different countries and cultures, offering a global perspective on history.

Embracing the Digital Age While Valuing Traditional Research Methods

As we trace the evolution of library databases and primary sources, it becomes evident that the digital age has revolutionised historical research in unprecedented ways. The accessibility, efficiency, and comprehensiveness of online databases have transformed the way we explore and understand the past. However, it is crucial to strike a balance between embracing the digital age and valuing traditional research methods.

While online databases offer convenience and efficiency, they should not replace physical visits to archives and libraries. The experience of holding a centuries-old manuscript or examining an artefact firsthand provides a unique connection to the past that cannot be replicated digitally. By combining the benefits of digital accessibility with the value of traditional research methods, historians and researchers can uncover the most accurate and comprehensive understanding of history.

So, whether you are diving into the vast online databases or embarking on a physical journey to an archive, remember to embrace the digital age while valuing the richness of traditional research methods. The evolution of library databases and primary sources has opened up new horizons for historical research, allowing us to delve deeper into the past and gain a more nuanced understanding of our collective history.

To explore the vast world of primary historical sources and unlock the secrets of the past, start your research journey today. Harness the power of online databases, visit national archives, and discover the wealth of knowledge waiting to be uncovered.

Happy researching!

By Juliet Kinsey

Image Source: Photo by Jan Antonin Kolar on Unsplash

Chinese New year

Chinese New Year 2026

15/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

Chinese New Year 2026

(新年快乐)  Xīn nián kuài lè” (Shin-Nyen-Kwhy-Luh)

Happy New Year!

 

Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, begins on Tuesday, 17th February 2026 and ends with a Lantern Festival on 3rd March 2026. The holiday begins on the date of the second new moon after the winter solstice each December. This year, the second new moon occurs simultaneously with both a rare “ring of fire” annular solar eclipse and the first sighting of the Ramadan crescent moon, making it one of the most important celestial and cultural days of the year. It is one of the most important holidays in the Chinese calendar and was placed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity list in 2024.

The Chinese New Year marks the beginning of the Year of the Fire Horse, which was last seen in 1966. The Chinese Zodiac consists of twelve animals and five elements – wood, fire, earth, metal and water – so each animal-element coupling occurs only once every 60 years. Following on from the Year of the Wood Snake, the Year of the Fire Horse begins on 17th February 2026, and will end on 5th February 2027, when the Year of the Fire Goat begins.

 

The Year of the Fire Horse

The Year of the Fire Horse is considered to be one of the most potent fusions in the Chinese Zodiac cycle, combining two very powerful symbols in the calendar.

The symbol of fire represents energy and rushfulness, and the horse symbol represents vitality, speed, passion, hard work, bravery and resilience. Joining both of these symbols gives a powerful combination of vitality, passion, speed and courage.

However, it has been said that each Chinese zodiac animal has both positive and negative traits. For the horse, negative traits include being volatile, restless, impulsive and difficult to manage.

During this Year of the Fire Horse, people are encouraged not to hesitate when making decisions and to embrace the traits of the horse. This is a year which rewards boldness, courage and dedication, and penalises indecision, hesitation or apathy.

 

Chinese New Year Celebrations.

Traditions focus on seeing out the old year and welcoming in the luck and prosperity of a new year.

Chinese New Year origins are steeped in legend. Thousands of years ago, a monster named Nian (“Year”) attacked villagers at the beginning of each new year. The monster feared loud noises, bright lights, and the colour red, so villagers used these to chase the beast away.

Red signifies prosperity and energy, which ward off evil spirits and negativity. Red lanterns are hung in the streets, and red couplets are pasted on doors. Celebrations include visiting family members, feasting, and respecting ancestors. Money is often gifted in red envelopes for good fortune. Celebrations include firecrackers, fireworks and watching lion and dragon dances. Some customs include cleaning the house and eating symbolic foods.

Many businesses close their doors for a week’s holiday during the celebrations. Hotels and large retail outlets stay open and are often busier than normal. School holidays last for four weeks and many migrant workers leave their factory and construction jobs for weeks to return home.

So, however you choose to celebrate, enjoy the Chinese New Year, and remember – fortune favours the brave – this might just be your lucky year!

 

Links

Read more about New Year Traditions in our post New Year Traditions From Around The World

Find more resources at Library Search

By Sharon McMichael

Image by Jason Leung Unsplash 

love heart for books on give a book day

Give a Book Day

14/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

Give a Book Day

 

The Edinburgh Napier University Library Team would like to not only wish everyone a very happy Valentine’s Day, but also a happy International Book Giving Day as well! Annually coinciding with Valentine’s Day on the 14th of February every year, International Book Giving Day was introduced as a worldwide initiative and movement to promote a love of reading, literature and books of all genres. And while love is in the air on this particular day of the year in general, we feel we might as well show and spread our love of reading and books (after all, we are ENUs library team!) by writing this dedicated blog post.

 

Origins, and how we participate…

 

International Book Giving Day emerged from groups of individuals with a shared love of reading and passion for books, engaging in and organising book-sharing events and activities. Since then, it has become a global initiative and primarily encourages individuals, communities and organisations to gift books to others where possible. This includes both adults and children, particularly those who may experience barriers to literary access. One of its other objectives is to try to foster a love of reading and literature in children from a young age. At present, International Book Giving Day is recognised and celebrated in approximately 44 countries worldwide.

 

When we withdraw old stock at any of our three campus libraries, we often box it up and send it to an online bookseller company named Better World Books. This company was founded in the year 2002 and sells both new and second-hand books at affordable prices. Its primary values and mission coincide with those of International Book Giving Day: to promote literacy and literary initiatives, sustainability, and encourage better access to as well as a love of, books and literature overall. Better World Books currently delivers books to over 200 countries across the globe. A lot of their stock is sourced from educational institutions, public libraries, bookshops and wholesalers. Individuals can also donate old books to Better World Books by using one of their drop boxes – locations for these can be found on their main webpage.

How you can participate too…

 

  • Give the gift of a book: Got a book that you recently finished reading and couldn’t put down? Want to share your love of that particular book? If you don’t feel too sentimental about giving it away, you can participate in International Book Giving Day by gifting the book to a friend, family member, or someone you know who you think would enjoy it as well! You can even leave a heartfelt message or dedication inside if you like.
  • Make a donation (or several): If you have been intending to clear out some of your old books, why not donate them to your local library, a community centre or school? This can help to widen the span of literature and book genres which people have access to. You can also, as mentioned above, bring them to your nearest drop-box for Better World Books.
  • Give recommendations and share them on social media: Spread the word! Promote this international day and global initiative to others and encourage them to get on board. Use relevant hashtags in any posts you make or share – also share any great recommendations you may have for any titles you have read recently and couldn’t put down!

 

By Rachel Downie

 

Photo by Jo Anaya Unsplash

Love reading, we’ve got some recommendations

Valentines Day

The world’s love story with Valentine’s Day

14/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

The world’s love story with Valentine’s Day

Today is coming up rosy, literally. Happy Valentine’s Day, readers. And while it may feel like just chocolate and flowers, there is a much deeper heart-shaped history that made Valentine’s the holiday it is today. Valentines day dates all the way back to ancient times, took on a bit of a romantic evolution in the medieval ages, with the popularisation of heart-shaped chocolates in the Victorian period. Let’s take a little stroll through the history of Valentines, the world’s love story with Valentine’s Day.

Story of Lupercalia

Going back to the ancient pagan ages for a minute. As you see, the ancient pagans in the middle of February celebrated the Lupercalia festival. Lupercalia isn’t exactly the celebration of Valentine’s Day we know today; it was a fertility festival to welcome in spring and good health. And if you want to read more, we have the perfect blog post for you. Over time, the Lupercalia festival faded, especially with the spread of Christianity across Europe. However, the middle of February kept its significance for the holiday.

And then there is, of course, the origins of Cupid. While he is based on the Ancient Greek God of Eros. Cupid took a more familiar form in Ancient Rome. Primarily evolving from a winged youth to the recognised chubby baby with wings.

Romantic Medieval Knights

With the Medieval ages, there was a bit of a romantic revolution taking place and who knew, it would be led by Medieval poets and knights. Medieval Poets based in England and France were amongst the first to give Valentines Day a set date of February 14th. The reason being, it was believed that birds would mate around this period, which became the metaphor of human love and romance.

It was during this time that Valentines took on more of a romantic turn, setting the stage for rom-coms to come.

It was during this period that the first valentines message was ever sent, dating back to 1415. Written by Charles, Duke of Orleans, for his wife. And he wrote while being imprisoned at the Tower of London, after being captured in a battle. In this letter, he refer to his wife as his “gentle Valentine”, a lot better than the cheesy cards found today.

The phrase wearing your heart on your sleeve” can possibly be traced back to medieval knights. It is believed that knights would wear tokens or ribbons given to them by their sweetheart as they went into battle.

The Medieval era had a lot of transformations and upheavel but there were tender moments.

Bringing Valentines into the Modern Age

Valentine’s Day has since become a global celebration, rivalling Christmas and Halloween. Around 250 million roses are produced for the U.S alone for this holiday. Whereas for chocolates.  Heart shaped chocolates became popularised by Cadbury in the 1860s. It is estimated that $1.8 billion is spent on chocolates in the US alone.  And it is the second favourite season to exchange cards, number one being Christmas.

Happy Valentine’s Day, everyone!!

Love Your Library

We have displays at all our campus Libraries asking you what you love about your Library, and what you think might need some improvements. Please don’t forget to add feedback to our love your library displays.  We love to hear from you. What do you love about the library, and what isn’t working? If you can’t make it on campus, you can always contact us

Photo by Ed Robertson Unsplash 

 

 

 

 

Scottish Women in Science image of woman scientist

Scottish Women in Science

11/02/2026 / / 0 Comments

Scottish Women in Science  

To celebrate International Women and Girls in Science Day, let’s celebrate some amazing Scottish female Scientists.

Scotland has a rich history of scientific achievements, and Scottish women have played a pivotal role in shaping these accomplishments. From groundbreaking discoveries to innovative research, these remarkable women have defied societal norms and overcome countless obstacles to leave an indelible mark on the field of science.

Historical Scottish Women Pioneers in Science

Even in times when opportunities for women were severely limited, Scottish women managed to push the boundaries and excel in various scientific disciplines. One such pioneer was Mary Somerville, who became a renowned mathematician and astronomer in the 19th century. Her work in celestial mechanics and her influential book “The Mechanism of the Heavens” significantly contributed to our understanding of the universe.

Another trailblazer was Elizabeth Blackwell, who became the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States in 1849. Born in Aberdeen, Scotland, Blackwell faced immense challenges and discrimination in her pursuit of a medical career. Her determination and resilience not only opened doors for women in medicine but also paved the way for future generations of female physicians.

In the field of medicine, Dr. Elsie Inglis revolutionised healthcare by establishing the Scottish Women’s Hospitals during World War I. Her tireless efforts saved countless lives and challenged the prevailing gender norms of the time.

Modern Scottish Women Making Strides in the Scientific World

Professor Linda Bauld is a public health expert, Bauld has been instrumental in shaping Scotland’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Her research on public health behaviour and interventions has had a significant impact on policy both in Scotland and internationally.

In the realm of environmental science, Professor Sheila Rowan has made groundbreaking discoveries in gravitational wave detection. Her research has opened up new possibilities for studying the universe, earning her international acclaim and recognition.

The primatologist and neuroethologist Professor Dame Anne Glover is a world-leading expert on animal behaviour and cognition. She has served as Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government and has received many honours and awards.

Scientists of Edinburgh Napier University

Edinburgh Napier University is home to many talented women scientists who are making significant contributions in various fields.

  • Prof Yvonne Kuipers, Professor of Midwifery, has over 20 years of experience in women’s reproductive health. She has conducted research on a variety of topics, including home birth, traumatic childbirth experiences, and midwifery-led care.
  • Dr. Fiona Lees, Professor of Occupational Therapy, is an expert in disability studies. She has conducted research on a variety of topics, including wheelchair use, falls prevention, and social care.
  • Prof Emma Hart is a professor of computational intelligence here at Edinburgh Napier. She is known for her work in artificial immune systems (AIS), evolutionary computation and optimisation.
  • Dr. Clare Taylor is a Senior Lecturer in Medical Microbiology and is a passionate advocate of equality and inclusion

These are just a few examples of the many accomplished women scientists working at Edinburgh Napier University. Their research is making a real difference in the world, and they are inspiring the next generation of female scientists. In addition to these individual researchers, Edinburgh Napier University is committed to supporting women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) more broadly.

The university has several initiatives in place to encourage girls and young women to pursue careers in science. Such as the EQUATE Scotland program, which provides mentoring and support to women in the built environment, engineering, technology, and science sectors.

Celebrating the Achievements of Scottish Women in Science

Scottish women have played a vital role in shaping the scientific world. Defying societal expectations and making groundbreaking discoveries. From the pioneers of the past to the trailblazers of today, their contributions have paved the way for future generations of scientists. It is crucial to celebrate and recognise their achievements, while also working towards creating a more inclusive and equitable scientific community. By supporting and empowering Scottish women in science, we can ensure that their remarkable legacy continues to inspire and drive scientific progress for years to come.

Join us in celebrating the achievements of Scottish women in science by sharing their stories and advocating for gender equality in STEM fields. Together, we can break down barriers and create a more inclusive scientific community.

By Juliet Kinsey

Read more on Women in Science here.

 

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