Exploring Creativity: Highlights from the British Arts Festival Association Student Conference

Written by Sadie Purves, student on MSc International Festival and Event Management at Edinburgh Napier University.

The British Arts Festivals Association (BAFA), the leading network and development agency for UK arts festivals, hosted a conference for students on October 9th at Manchester Metropolitan University. The conference, titled ‘A Festival Career’, allowed students to join a range of festival professionals to shape their own ideas about what a festival career could have to offer.

BAFA partners with festivals and UK universities, including Napier, to offer training opportunities for students. In this flagship event, BAFA aimed to bring together students, academics and industry experts with a presentation, panel and networking opportunities.

Key Themes and Panel

conference panel

The conference opened with an introduction by BAFA Director Fiona Goh, and the overall themes of the conference were covered, such as the future of the festival industry, how to get your start in the field and the reality of festival work.

Since the attendance was both undergrad and postgrad students from a range of universities across the country, we all had different academic backgrounds, which was a great aspect of the event. There was a presentation from PhD student Naomi Taylor about her research on how festivals give the audience an opportunity to connect with culture and how this is mediated by the audience and the festival team. Taylor additionally went into how BAFA is partnering with her to complete her PhD. As a student, this experience was enlightening to hear about, especially for those who may be considering further study.

The conference continued with a panel, chaired by Dr Jane Ali-Knight, from Napier. Those on the panel included Ardy Naguib (Factory International), Rosie Gilbertson (Harrogate International Festival), Ottilia Ördög (Góbéfest) and Ashley Morris (Newbury Spring Festival). The panel focused on how these individuals got their start in the industry and how this can be translated into advice for students. Everyone had very contrasting experiences from one another, and this exemplified that, despite your background, there are many different ways you could contribute to arts festivals. The experience of starting Góbéfest was discussed by Ottilia Ördög, and this gave a fantastic representation and advice to students on how to explore starting your own festival. Many of the chairs shared that organising your own events, whatever their size or scope, is one of the best ways to gain experience.

Networking and Mentoring

After the panel, we began our ‘Meet the Mentor’ session, which allowed students to ask any questions and start a dialogue with the festival professionals. This section of the conference was a great opportunity to make connections and start to build a network. We had ample opportunity to meet with all of the mentors as well as Fiona Goh of BAFA and lecturers in attendance from Manchester Metropolitan University. The sense of the community this conference adopted in such a short time, built upon shared experiences and genuine connections, was definitely an asset of the event.

A Festival Career

Overall, the BAFA Student Conference provided a valuable and inspiring experience for students considering a career in the festival industry. From insightful presentations to practical advice from seasoned professionals, the event highlighted both the challenges and rewards of working in this dynamic field. The networking and mentorship opportunities allowed students to connect with industry leaders and peers, building a foundation of support and insight to guide their career paths. This unique event underscored the possibilities within the festival industry and empowered students to envision and shape their own futures in the arts.

Professor Kerr gives Keynote Lecture on ‘Business of Science Festivals’ in Mexico

Professor Gary Kerr, an academic within the Tourism Research Centre, has given the Keynote Lecture at the Association of Mexican Museums and Centres for Science & Technology (AMMCCYT) Annual Colloquium 2024, hosted by Centro de Ciencias Explora in León de los Aldama, Guanajuato, Mexico, from 29-31 August 2024.

AMMCCYT brings together science centres and museums from across Mexico. It aims to strengthen the effectiveness of science centre and museums to promote science and technology culture throughout Mexico.

The Annual Colloquium brings together academics, science centre & museum professionals, students and the general public to engage in dialogue, reflect, and exchange ideas, experiences and proposals related to museum spaces and cultural institutions.

During the colloquium, many presentations focused on engaging non-specialist audiences with science & technology and promoting a culture of science and technology across Mexico. The role of science centres and museums in promoting informal science learning was discussed heavily. The colloquium also discussed how science centres and museums can be inclusive spaces for a range of audiences with different needs.

I used my keynote lecture to discuss the ‘Business of Science Festivals’ and how science centres and museums could utilise science festivals as a means to strengthen existing audiences and reach new audiences. I also spoke about the power of science festivals in addressing inequity within the science, technology, engineering & maths (STEM) sectors.

During my keynote, I drew upon my research and practitioner roles in curating science festivals. In the UK, the term ‘science festival’ has been around since 1989, when the Edinburgh Science Festival was first launched. However, public science & technology events date back to the days of the Ancient Greeks when philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle would speak about their theories in public to the masses. The British Association for the Advancement of Science (now the British Science Association) has been holding annual meetings around the UK each year since 1831, and these have evolved into the contemporary British Science Festival – a festival that moves around the UK each year.

Despite 35-year the coming of age of UK science festivals, the STEM sector remains inequitable. There is a gender imbalance in the STEM sector with 65% of the UK’s STEM workforce being white men (Keith & Kerr, 2022). The lack of diversity in the STEM is not limited to gender, but runs through multiple strands of diversity (Keith & Kerr, 2022). There is also an inadequately trained STEM workforce, with around 40% of STEM vacancies difficult to fill (Keith & Kerr, 2022).

In my keynote, I spoke about the value of science festivals, but did go on to highlight that they do not provide a silver bullet to solve all the problems of the STEM sector. I spoke about the value of other types of festivals – including literature, film, music and arts festivals – and how these might provide a platform (albeit limited) for engaging non-specialist audiences with science. I also discussed the need to take into account socio-cultural issues when communicating science at festivals with diverse audiences. These include demonstrating appreciation for religious, cultural and historical sensitivities when communicating with audiences.

My invitation to deliver the Keynote Lecture at AMMCYT further strengthens Tourism Research Centre’s strong links with Mexico, which include delivering the Creative Leadership Programme on behalf of British Council Mexico in 2023 and 2024.

Reference

Keith, L. and Kerr, G. W. (2022). ‘Levelling the playing field: lessons from sport on re-framing science engagement as a benefit to the individual’. JCOM 21 (04), A03. https://doi.org/10.22323/2.21040203

Meet the PhD – Homa Rahimi

Welcome to “Meet the PhD”, a section dedicated to introducing to you our PhD candidates, where you will have the opportunity to get to know them and their research and find out how why they have chosen Edinburgh Napier University, and what excites them the most about their PhD journey.

Today, we have Homa Rahimi, a PhD candidate originally from Iran, who is currently in her 2nd year. Her PhD title is “The Implications of lean Talent Management on Optimising Strategic Value of People in the UK Hotel Sector” with supervisors Prof Paul Barron, Prof Anna Leask and Dr Kelsy Hejjas. Many of you might agree with Homa’s words, when she says that she originally started her PhD for academic reasons, to later find out that a PhD is much more than that, the skills you learn throughout the PhD journey are extremely valuable not only for a future career but also in life. Homa is also the 2024 winner of best poster at the Edinburgh Napier University Business Conference. Congratulations Homa!!

PHD student with conference poster

If you would like to know more about Homa’s research or if you have any questions, you can contact Homa here: homa.rahimi@napier.ac.uk

If you’re interested in undertaking a PhD with us, please email the Tourism Research Centre Lead, Prof. Anna Leask – a.leask@napier.ac.uk

______

“I’m Homa Rahimi from Iran, currently in my second year of PhD studies at Edinburgh Napier University. My academic journey in the UK began with a focus on governance and public policy, sparked by my second master’s degree. This experience provided a foundation for my deeper investigation into organisational management, especially through the lens of New Public Management (NPM). As a result, I developed a keen interest in Human Resource Management (HRM), particularly in the areas of talent management, employee development, and capability building. These interests became central to my MSc degree in HRM at Napier University, reinforcing my enthusiasm for understanding how organisations can best manage and enhance their most valuable asset—people.

My PhD research focuses on the application of Lean thinking to Talent Management within the hotel industry. I chose this topic due to the success story of Lean thinking, which has effectively improved efficiency and performance in various sectors. I am particularly interested in how these principles can be adapted to enhance talent management practices in the hospitality sector, which is crucial to the UK’s employment and economy. The hotel industry relies heavily on human capital and addressing issues like talent spillage—where skills and potential are underutilised—can reduce talent-related waste and optimise people management.

Edinburgh Napier University was the perfect choice for me due to my previous positive experience during my master’s degree, the supportive environment, and the student-friendly atmosphere of the institution. Its strong focus on tourism and hospitality management, coupled with its excellent reputation in these fields, made it an ideal fit. Additionally, the opportunity to work with distinguished supervisors like Professors Barron and Leask, and Dr. Hejjas was an exciting draw.

What makes my PhD research particularly significant is its potential to reshape both academic thought and practical approaches. The hotel industry continually grapples with challenges in managing and retaining talent, and my research aims to address these issues with innovative solutions. By applying Lean principles to Talent Management—an area still underdeveloped in this context—I seek to uncover new insights that could lead to more efficient and effective human resource practices. This exciting endeavour promises to make a meaningful impact on both the theoretical and practical aspects of talent management in the hospitality sector.

When I first considered pursuing a PhD, I saw it primarily as an academic pursuit—a way to delve deeper into my areas of interest. However, as I have progressed, I have come to realise that a PhD is much more than that. It is a journey of personal growth, requiring resilience, adaptability, and a deep commitment to making a meaningful contribution to my field. My understanding of the PhD process has evolved, and I now see it as an opportunity to bridge the gap between theory and practice, making a tangible difference in the real world. Being part of the PhD community has been pivotal to my journey. The support, collaboration, and shared experiences within this group have given me the motivation and encouragement needed to overcome challenges and remain focused on my goals. The sense of belonging to a network of like-minded individuals, all navigating similar paths, has been invaluable. Additionally, I’ve found lifelong friends along the way, enriching my experience both personally and professionally.

In my experience, three essential skills for a PhD student are critical analysis, time management, and adaptability. Critical analysis is vital for assessing existing literature and contributing original research. Time management is crucial for balancing the various demands of PhD life, including research, writing, networking, and professional development. Adaptability is key to navigating the unexpected challenges that arise during the PhD journey, requiring flexibility and resilience to stay on track and achieve research objectives.

Looking ahead, I am most excited about the potential impact of my research. I am driven by the prospect of transforming talent management in the hotel industry, contributing to more effective and sustainable HR practices. Despite the challenges that lie ahead, the opportunity to effect positive change keeps me inspired and motivated. Additionally, I am eager to enhance the industry’s image, showing it as a viable and rewarding career path rather than one that is often overlooked.”

Meet the Visiting Professor, Brian King

Welcome to “Meet the Visiting Professor”, a section dedicated to introducing to you our Visiting Professors, where you will have the opportunity to get to know them and find out how they engage with Edinburgh Napier University, and specifically with the Tourism Research Centre (TRC).

Today, Professor and Head Department of Hospitality, Hotel Management and Tourism Brian King talks about his career, how he started collaborating with TRC, what he loves about being a Visiting Professor with ENU. Despite the many places he has lived and worked, he still considers Auld Reekie (Edinburgh) as his “hometown” and has strong relationships with several TRC members.

“I am currently professor and head of the Department of Hospitality, Hotel Management and Tourism at Texas A&M University (TAMU), USA. It has been my pleasure to engage with Edinburgh Napier University as a Visiting Professor through my previous professorships at Victoria University (Australia) and then at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. I joined TAMU in 2022 and have sought to build the relationship with Napier. I grew up in Edinburgh and though I completed my Honors and MSc degrees at Aberdeen and Strathclyde Universities respectively and carry an Australian passport, I still consider Auld Reekie (Edinburgh) as my “hometown”. My research interests are cultural tourism and the visitor economy. Given my cultural interests, I love Napier’s focus on festivals and events. Through the various full-time academic positions that I have held at Universities in Scotland, Australia, Fiji, Hong Kong and now the US, cultural aspects have been ever present. This can be through language, shared heritage, cuisine, festivals and /or sense of place. I have enjoyed how these characteristics blend with place related factors and have researched and written about concepts such as experiencescapes, festivalscapes and even smellscapes!

I had known and/or worked with several Napier professors over the years – Anna Leask, Paul Baron, Jane Ali-Knight and Martin Robertson to name a few and was a professor in Melbourne Australia as well as being a board member of Destination Melbourne. My appointment as Visiting Professor helped us strengthen the connection between tourism agencies in Melbourne and Edinburgh and I enjoyed teaching on the destination leaders program in both cities.  My role as Visiting Professor has involved visiting the Craiglockhart campus (sometimes virtually) to give presentations and to meet with graduate students, industry partners and research collaborators.

During recent months colleagues and I worked on a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between Napier and Texas A&M University to foster opportunities for student and faculty exchange which has now been ratified. I enjoyed meeting with Napier students when they travelled to our campus to visit in Spring and was delighted that my colleague Dr Sullins led a group of our TAMU students to Napier for study abroad. I cherish the Napier tourism faculty as great friends and associates. A particular highlight of my visiting professorship occurred when I was working in Hong Kong. Principal Prof Andrea Nolan led a Napier delegation to Hong Kong and hosted a ceilidh for students, graduates and supporters. Doing “strip the willow” and wearing a kilt in Hong Kong was certainly a special occasion for me as a then a resident of the territory. And of course, lots of valuable networking occurred worked out the logistics of Scottish dancing!

But where to start? As a professor of tourism, I love to connect people and places and it’s a joy to have an ongoing connection with my hometown and country. The tourism professors at Napier are a great group, and it has also been encouraging to witness the recruitment of junior faculty stars. I appreciate the level of engagement with the industry by the Tourism Research Centre and particularly with the festivals community. Napier also has a very international commitment which welcomes students and faculty from across the globe. I have appreciated my collaborations with Napier wherever in the world I have been based. I really enjoyed interacting with the Napier students during their time in College Station Texas. Our campus here is huge with more than 76,000 students in College Station alone and there are nine other campuses across our network. The football stadium (which I can see from my office) holds 105,000 spectators (even more for a recent music event)”

ENU and Texas A&M Study Exchange 2024

During the spring 2024 term, four of our students went to Texas A&M University on a study exchange trip. The students are on Edinburgh Napier’s Festival & Event Management, Tourism Management, and Hospitality Management programmes. They spent some time working alongside a business in Texas as part of the Live Project Module, and likewise some Texas A&M University students spent some time in August in Edinburgh.

The project team consisted of Dr Afiya Holder, Dr David Jarman, and Slawek Staniszewski, Global Mobility Officer in International Operations from ENU. Dr. Donna Lee Sullins and Prof. Brian King coordinated and led the project on behalf of Texas A&M University.

So what is it like to travel to Texas for a Live Project? Hear directly from the four ENU students who shared with us their thoughts on the experience below. Thanks to Bethany Tait (International Hospitality Management with Festivals and Events), Claudio Pigozzo (International Tourism Management), Cerys Fitzgerald (International Festival and Events Management), and Dean Jenkins (International Festival and Event management).

students standing together in front of building

Question: Why did you apply and how did you secure for such an amazing opportunity?

Bethany: I knew that I had to apply as it would be such an amazing experience and a great way to gain knowledge of the industry within a different country.”

Claudio: “The opportunity to work closely with an organization in Texas and Texas A&M college students came suddenly. I didn’t think twice before applying and immediately started writing my application form.”

Cerys: “I was given the opportunity to apply for the live project in partnership with Century Square in Texas [a multi-use retail and leisure facility] in Texas at the start of 3rd year. In order to be considered I had to write a short essay which explained why I would be a good fit for the trip and how it could benefit myself and my experience.”

Dean: “I was reading the IFEM bulletin which I would normally do as it always has great opportunities then I spotted that there was a project and a trip to Texas being organised as part of the live project module which I had chosen. I applied but I wasn’t expecting to be a part of the project as there were only four places available so when I got told the news that I got a place I couldn’t believe it as I had always wanted to go to the USA so doing it with university made it even better as I knew that it would be worth something and not just a holiday.”

Question: What are your thoughts on the Live Project module and how has this shaped your learning experience and professional development?

Bethany: By being given the opportunity to work with and provide recommendations for a business it enabled myself to finally put my degree to use and know that all the hard work over the past three years is paying off and that I do have the skills to work in a real-life environment. This module has enabled myself to develop my professional skills and learn a lot about the inner workings of professional environments.”

Claudio: “The Live Project module is an incredible experience for students who can finally implement what they have previously studied and use and discover their own skills. Working with a live organization puts you in a position to see things from the perspective of the business owner or manager, and experience their stress, to improve or find appropriate solutions for the business.”

Cerys: “I learned how to work well within a team, distributing the work evenly to ensure no one felt under pressure with the workload. In a professional sense I got an insight into what can differ between a business in the US compared to ones in the UK and how they can do things slightly differently.”

Dean: “I found the actual module interesting and challenging at times, but I enjoy a challenge, so I thoroughly enjoyed working on the project. This module has definitely helped my future goals as I have made international contacts in which I can use when I graduate.”

Question: In what ways has this experience inspired your future goals/plans in Tourism, Hospitality, Festival and Events or Marketing?

Bethany: “This experience has taught me that within the industry the most beneficial factor is networking with other students, universities, and businesses to gain knowledge and contacts worldwide.”

Claudio: This experience made me understand that despite your age, background, or belief, you can achieve incredible things in life. I met so many people, with different experiences and backgrounds, different passions, different paths, but the same desire to learn and make a difference.”

Cerys: My plans for after graduation has always been to travel and work internationally. Doing this live project has shown me that it is something that is indeed possible and that I would be able to do it with the experience that I have already gained through this opportunity.”

Dean: This experience has really opened my eyes to what opportunities are out there in terms of different events and universities.”

Question: What were some memorable moments related to the module but also beyond the classroom?

Bethany: “A memorable moment within the classroom would be the initial receival of the project brief, it was exciting as a group to gain information on the company and brainstorm initial ideas for the objectives we had been given. (…) The professors at Texas A&M were incredibly welcoming and also invited us along to the hospitality scholarships banquet.”

Claudio: “I think every minute of this module, the project, the meetings, the trip, was memorable. I will bring these memories forever with me. I met and worked with fantastic people with whom we shared thoughts, discussed and come up with interesting ideas. I had the opportunity to attend class at an American University and understand what life on campus really is, their culture, tradition and the spirit of belonging, something incredible…. Truly an unforgettable experience.”

Cerys: Some of my most memorable moments from this module have to learning all about Texas and Century Square but then getting to actually experience it. Although my academic experiences come from the classroom, the real life experiences and moments came from the trip itself.”

Dean: “… the banquet that Texas A&M students were hosting, I networked with so many different people from different backgrounds and professions.”

Question: What life skills do you think came to light post-trip?

Bethany: “Improved confidence, adapting to new cultures”

Claudio: Problem solving, teamwork and organizational skills.”

Cerys: “Communication and collaboration”

Dean: Teamwork, networking skills and communication”

Question: What advice would you give future students about taking the Live Project module?

Bethany: “The best advice would be to thoroughly communicate with all team members, it is really important to ensure you all have the same work ethic and maintain styles of work throughout the report and presentation. I would also say to just enjoy the experience as much as possible and remember that your supervisor and the other module lecturers are always there to support your experience and make sure it goes as smoothly as possible.”

Claudio: My advice is to take the Live Project module as a real work experience, never be afraid to express ideas and always listen to criticism and learn from it, you learn by making mistakes.”

Cerys: “Just enjoy it! The live project can become stressful at points as it is a lot to in a short period of time. My advice would be to embrace the experience to its full potential, and all will work out in the end.”

Dean: “…that the dynamic in your project team is crucial so I would recommend getting to know a little more about your teammates outside the classroom.”

Student in front of campus backdrop

PhD Stories – Judith Spaargaren

Welcome to “PhD Stories”, a section where our PhD candidates tell you more about their research, and what they aim to achieve and discover.

Today, we have Judith Spaargaren, who started her PhD in 2023, and whose title is “The Role of Prison Museums in Public Culture: The Case of Peterhead Prison Museum”, with supervisors Dr. Craig Wight, Prof. Anne Schwan, and Dr. Renata Osowska.

If you would like to know more about Judith’s research or if you have any questions, you can contact Judith here: judith.spaargaren@napier.ac.uk.

If you’re interested in undertaking a PhD with us, please email the Tourism Research Centre Lead, Prof. Anna Leask – a.leask@napier.ac.uk

When planning your holidays, have you ever thought of putting a prison visit on your itinerary? More people than you think would answer yes. It might not be everyone’s cup of tea, but prison tourism has become increasingly popular over the past few decades. In Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, the Peterhead Prison Museum has become one such popular visitor attraction.

When HMP Peterhead closed down in 2013, a community effort allowed for the building to reopen as a museum in 2016, which has since become a major tourist draw to the area. The museum aims to tell the stories of the prison’s 125 year long operation, and show visitors “what real prison life was like”. Unlike visiting an active prison, where the visit is rarely for leisure, prison museums allow for visitors to explore what the prison system is like with their freedom kept intact. But how do you do that?

My academic background lies in heritage studies, and I have a particular interest in how the stories we do and do not tell about our past affect our present and future. My PhD research focuses on the opportunities and challenges that prisons museum face in telling their stories. Prisons, in particular, are places of difficult and sometimes painful histories. This means there are opportunities to educate and inform visitors about prison life and the justice system, but also challenges we must face: which stories do we tell, and how? How can we allow for everyone’s voice to be heard, even when some of those voices belong to those we morally disagree with? What do visitors want to hear, and should that matter? Where do we draw the line between prison museum exhibit and gratuitous tableau of human suffering?

I am not the first person to ask questions like these, but there is a real lack of a Scottish perspective in this discussion, which I hope to contribute through my research. I am privileged to be carrying out this research in direct partnership with the Peterhead Prison Museum. In working directly with the museum, I hope to not only identify what visitors want, but also what the community of Peterhead might need from a prison museum as a visitor attraction. The story of the prison is tied directly to the story of Peterhead itself, and acknowledging this connection is not only important to the museum, but also to my research, which would be incomplete if it left out the town of Peterhead and its community.

This will not be an easy task, as I spent my first year of PhD research discovering. I’ve spent most of my time compiling and creating a framework of academic concerns about, and solutions to, issues that prison museums face. Next year, I’ll be heading up to Peterhead to gather specific visitor and Scottish perspectives to add to this framework. At the end of this PhD, I hope to develop a set of strategies to tell the stories of Peterhead Prison to as many visitors as possible.

Meet the TRC Alumni – Dr Shemroy

Welcome to “Meet the TRC Alumni”, a section dedicated to finding out what our TRC PhDs are doing after successfully completing their PhD. This is an opportunity to learning more about the multiple careers offered after doing a PhD with us, as well as catching up with our brilliant researchers.

Today, Dr Shemroy Roberts talks about his PhD journey and his career after successfully discussing his PhD in November 2023. From St. Vincent and the Grenadines to Scotland, let’s find out about Shemroy Roberts’ Journey of growth, and resilience.

Dr Roberts is also organizing together with ENU colleagues “Roots Revived: Memory, Legacy, Heritage and Tourism Conference”, taking place on October 17, 2024, at our Craiglockhart Campus. The conference provides a platform for exploring the complex dynamics of difficult and dissonant heritage within the broader context of memory, legacy, heritage, and tourism. Recognising the lasting impact of historical traumas, contested narratives, and marginalised voices, this conference seeks to promote dialogue, understanding, and reconciliation. The conference also seeks to explore the ethical, social, and cultural complexities involved in commemorating and engaging with painful histories. If you would like to know more, and send an abstract, please visit the following webpage: https://lnkd.in/eDCFVkJb

“I am Shemroy Roberts, hailing from the Caribbean nation of St. Vincent and the Grenadines—a chain of islands covering 150 square miles and home to approximately 104,000 people. I come from a very large family, with seven siblings on my mother’s side and twelve on my father’s, as far as I am aware. My mother was a shopkeeper, while my father was a politician, drove delivery trucks, tilled the soil, cultivated fruits and vegetables, and raised pigs. I am the only one of my mother’s children to have attended university—a milestone made possible by the unwavering support of my parents. Their influence has been instrumental in my educational journey and subsequent successes, and I am grateful for their contributions.

In 2012, I earned an Associate’s Degree in Hospitality Studies from the St. Vincent and the Grenadines Community College. This achievement was just the beginning of a journey that would take me far beyond the shores of my homeland. I went on to pursue a Bachelor of Science in Tourism and Hospitality Management from the University of the West Indies, graduating in 2018. It was during my time in this programme that I stumbled upon Scotland—quite serendipitously—while writing a paper on sustainable tourism practices. Intrigued by Scotland’s approach to tourism and its rich history, I was able to visit the country. What I discovered completely captured my heart.

My interest in Scotland led me to research universities offering advanced tourism programmes, and I discovered Edinburgh Napier University through a YouTube video featuring Dr. Ross Tinsley discussing International Tourism and Destination Marketing. That same year, I embarked on a Master of Science in International Tourism Marketing at Edinburgh Napier University. I knew immediately that this was the place for me. The programme offered everything I was looking for—the tools and resources to help me understand how to develop tourism products and services that could elevate my home country, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, as a premier destination in the Caribbean.

My academic interests have always been driven by a desire to contribute meaningfully to my home country’s development, to educate visitors about our destination and its culture and history, and to enhance the socio-economic well-being of local communities. I began my PhD at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a time marked by significant global events such as the tragic death of George Floyd, Black Lives Matter protests, the controversial removal and defacement of statues linked to the transatlantic slave trade, and, more recently, the far-right riots in the UK and Europe, have continued to fuel discussions on racism, fascism, and Islamophobia. These events underscored the relevance of my research, which focused on visitor engagement with UK slavery heritage museums. My work has provided valuable insights for academics, museum professionals, and society at large, contributing to a broader understanding of how we engage with our shared history. It is, therefore, important that we stay mindful of our history, including the transatlantic slave trade and other significant events that have shaped our present. By reflecting on these past injustices, we can work together to avoid repeating them and address issues like war, racism, fascism, and enslavement. As a scholar, I have a role to play in shaping the society we want through research, open discussion, and mutual respect —a society that values peace, freedom, democracy, inclusivity, and development for all.

As a person of mixed race, I have always been aware of the nuances of my identity but never really fixated on them. However, I frequently face questions about my identity from friends and even family. My PhD research, however, led me to a deeper understanding of my heritage, revealing that I am connected to both the enslaved and the enslavers. My mother is a descendant of the enslaved, while my father’s lineage traces back to the enslavers. This discovery was both profound and enlightening, allowing me to embrace the duality of my heritage and appreciate the complexities of my identity.

My PhD journey was not without its challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic, a volcanic eruption in my home country, and my mother’s battle with type 2 diabetes, which led to the amputation of her left leg—took a considerable toll on my mental health. With self-determination, I forged ahead amidst these adversities to complete my PhD on time. I am immensely proud to have reached this summit and overcome the many obstacles. I was fortunate to have the guidance of Associate Professor Craig Wight and Professor Anna Leask, whose constructive feedback and support were invaluable throughout my studies. I am deeply grateful to them for their mentorship. I also leaned on a strong support network, including family and friends, who provided encouragement and kept me grounded during difficult times.

Before pursuing my PhD, I worked in various roles in my home country, including as an insurance salesperson, a secondary school teacher in Food and Nutrition and Family and Human Resources Management, and a hotel receptionist. During my PhD, I had the opportunity to teach several modules in research, tourism, hospitality, and festivals and events at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels at Edinburgh Napier University. My experience in academia has been immensely rewarding. Currently, I serve as the Course Coordinator in Culture and Heritage Tourism and as a research supervisor for the management programmes at the University of the West Indies Global Campus, where I have been in these roles for the past four years. Additionally, I have been an Assistant Chief Examiner with the Caribbean Examinations Council for the past eight years.

My PhD has equipped me with the skills to succeed in any workplace and has provided me with the tools to make meaningful contributions to research. It has also expanded my professional network, allowing me to connect with scholars worldwide, some of whom I now collaborate with as an editor for the Journal of International Tourism Policy. I have been fortunate to receive several awards at conferences, a testament to the strong presentation skills my PhD has honed. Additionally, my PhD has supported my grant-writing efforts, enabling me to secure funding for community projects, with more initiatives on the horizon.

My hobbies and interests include listening to classical music, cooking, baking, reading, traveling, and spending time with friends and family. And yes! I must confess, Scotland has left its mark on my culinary skills and salivary glands. I absolutely love haggis!

Dr Shemroy holding flag

To new and prospective PhD students, my advice is simple: start writing early, value your supervisors’ guidance, and engage actively in diplomatic and constructive discussions. Make use of university resources, set realistic deadlines, learn from others, and remember to balance work with self-care. Most importantly, be kind to yourself, stay humble, and above all, enjoy the experience.

“Bidh àite sònraichte aig Alba agus Oilthigh Napier Dhùn Èideann an-còmhnaidh nam chridhe,” meaning “Scotland and Edinburgh Napier University will always hold a special place in my heart.” The lessons I have learned and the connections I have made here will stay with me forever.

“Nisi sapientia frustra,” meaning “without knowledge, all is in vain.”

Meet Dr. Alan Fyall – Visiting Professor

 

Welcome to “Meet the Visiting Professor”, a section dedicated to introducing to you our Visiting Professors, where you will have the opportunity to get to know them, and find out how they engage with Edinburgh Napier University, and specifically with the Tourism Research Centre (TRC).

Today, Dr. Alan Fyall talks about his career, how he started collaborating with TRC, and more specifically what he hopes to achieve in the future. And if you are a football fan, then you might understand his obsession with Southampton Football Club!

 

Originally from Edinburgh, I grew up in Southampton and was lucky to travel widely due to my parent’s desire to provide us with the best vacations they could afford. These early travel experiences, most notably to France, Spain and the USA, created a fascination with international travel and a thirst for discovery of new places. I have been fortunate to visit around 50 countries around the world to date with each one offering different insights and experiences that to varying degrees have shaped my research and engagement with the tourism industry. Strangely perhaps, I am not a great pre-planner for trips as I like to simply “walk the destination” and discover what the destination has to offer before being overly influenced by travel writers!  My favorite destination remains France with Turkmenistan definitely the weirdest place I’ve ever visited! As well as travel, my other “obsession” is football where I am a huge supporter of Southampton Football Club, an experience which is not always positive!

Due to Edinburgh being my place of birth, and having worked at Edinburgh Napier University between 1997-2000, I have always been committed to helping colleagues here as much as I can. Over the years I have established a deep friendship with Dr. Anna Leask, among others, and have published many journal articles and books with ENU faculty. Edinburgh is such a fantastic place to visit, live and study while its history and heritage offers a great contrast to my home city of Orlando, Florida with its world-leading theme parks and attractions.

For the future, I hope to contribute to the development and expansion of the Destination Leaders Program, possibly national and international and serve as a “critical friend” and develop training to enhance academic authorship and external grant submissions for faculty, and training for current and future doctoral students in research methods, and early career development. I would also like to support and develop specific funding opportunities that span destination management, accessible and inclusive tourism, sustainability and destination/community resilience while teach students at the undergraduate and graduate levels in destination management and marketing and provide connections to his networks across the world.

Opening the Blackbox of Cruise Revenue Management (RM)

Revenue Management (RM) is all about maximising a company’s revenue.  The evolution of RM originated from airline yield management and has become more important to many industries, including cruise lines.

Interestingly, the cruise occupancy calculation is very different from airlines and hotels in which the maximise occupancy is 100%; whereas cruise occupancy could exceed 100% (Royal Caribbean Blog, 2023).  In 2023, Royal Caribbean occupancy was about 106% (Statista, 2024).  This is mainly due to the calculation of berth instead of cabin (or room).  The maximum capacity of the cruise ship also depends on the safety /lifeboat seat capacity that covers customers and crews/staff.  If you remember the famous incident of ‘Titanic’. By all means, even if the number of berths or cabins is greater than the lifeboat seat capacity, the cruise company needs to stop selling due to SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) regulations.

The question arises of how revenue management applies to the cruise industry when the price is all-inclusive?

Cruises are complex with the combination of transportation (typically itinerary travel between two to three ports), accommodation and artificial onboard activities (typically in mega ships). We first need to understand how cruises generate revenue which come from ticket sales and onboard revenue generation, plus understand how cruise RM functions and timelines.

Key findings from my recent research:

Cruise RM research remains relatively underdeveloped in academia. There is no paper illustrating how the RM activities and factors may impact the RM decisions, and so my research is the first paper to provide a holistic framework of the cruise RM cycles that covers both ticket and onboard revenues.

Three key functions of cruise RM were identified which are itinerary planning, ticket RM and onboard RM (as the diagram illustrates below), which all start at least 2 years before the cruise departs from the port.

There is no change in the RM cycles observed pre- and post-Covid-19 pandemic and across regions.  While strategies or tactics may vary in response to local preferences, regulations, and environmental factors, the fundamental process of RM remains consistent.

There is a positive correlation between ticket and onboard revenues, as well as between pre-boarding and onboard revenues, influenced by consumer psychology.  The concept of consumer psychology in spending goes beyond RM reference. The concept of the “second wallet” is related to mental budgeting which also refers to the behavioural economics concept. In practice, this could be related to the customer-centric or personalisation pricing strategies connecting to the marketing disciplines.

The key to maximising revenue is to know your customers’ preferences and the ways to communicate with them.  In other words, it is about ‘marketing’ to enhance customers’ knowledge of the product value that helps to increase their purchase decision.

For more details and interesting findings, you may refer to my recent report “Cruise Revenue Navigator: Unveiling Cruise Revenue Management”.

And if you have any comments or questions, please do not hesitate to contact me directly at a.chu@napier.ac.uk.  I look forward to exchanging knowledge with you.

Dr. Angela Chu

The Business School – Edinburgh Napier University

CPH:DOX : Innovative, globally aware and a proud reflection of Danish culture

Written by Nancy Dionne

CPH:DOX sign

CPH:DOX banner hanging in the streets of CopenhagenImage of traditional colourful Copenhagen buildings

Hello from Copenhagen!

CPH DOX is an early documentary film festival, meaning that it occurs in March well before most of the others for both fiction and nonfiction. More programmers are attending this early festival to help them plan their own focus or themes, as well as to feel that they have a first glimpse into what topics are going to be most “top of mind” for the year. The festival screenings are also open to the public and non-industry people can
attend these and hear the Q&A’s afterwards with many Directors and Producers. Fun for all!

CPH DOX has become one of the “hottest” tickets due to its early “sneak peak” and as a reflection of Danish culture, is innovative and open way that it approaches its Official Selections. The festival honors the art of filmmaking, being visually pleasing to the eye and prides itself on being globally aware. The ability for industry to come together just after Sundance in a more intimate way to connect, combined with the delicious food and drink and welcoming hospitality of Copenhagen, is a bit like a solid pre game huddle with your favorite teams. The festival centers at the “Hub” located in
the city center at the lovely Kunsthal Charlottenborg and acts as a home base.
Banners and posters can be seen city wide overhead, on walls and even fences as
seen from the photo above. This year, 2,645 delegates registered (up from 260
from last year) which included industry, filmmakers, and students of film for the
private and intimate events. The public numbers of who attended the film screenings were over 125,000, with over 27 (yes 27!) venue/theaters spaces across the city to choose from, allowing the festival to come to their own neighborhoods to experience together and for out of towners to in turn, experience many
neighborhoods and different aspects of Copenhagen. Each delegate is given a badge that is connected to their program, film tickets and events to
make it more hands free for: FORUM, Conference, LAB, Symposium, Market, Academy, Delegates and all film screenings. There was also a VR event mixed in with the more traditional style of filmmaking.

Film posters displayed outsideChairs set up with globe-like lamp shades aboveCamp style chairs inside with red lightingTemporary yet colorful lecture style chairs and couches are set up and the design changes each year, to allow for more intimate conversations and a cozy feel throughout the Hub and other various rooms dedicated to those who are gathered.

Panel events run all morning and afternoon, forum pitches and special one to one mentoring occasions are always packed to the brim and with evening happy
hours sponsored by different countries and groups, allowing to meet other
filmmakers around the globe AND after parties usually sponsored by the distributors or larger sponsors, it’s literally jam packed.

The Happy Hour room, where some members of
Screen Scotland, (Dani Carlaw, Head of Unscripted
in green hat) and the Scottish Documentary Institute (SDI) and local producers in fine representation. Honestly, the hardest part is to work out which events to attend, combined with which films and parties all in one day!

Person using VR equipment

Group standing inside listening to someone talking

Denmark is quite expensive however in the “off season” of March, I found affordable clean budget hotels and easy flights.

With delicious food and drink, locals known for their friendliness and openness, I have never been disappointed. You literally can meet people that you
see in early stages of their films or finished teaser trailers and get to celebrate and honor them the next year when they finish. It’s a feeling of camaraderie.

Collection of film posters(above image is the collection of film posters over the years of
films to premiere at the festival)

This small but mighty festival with its many events, is a special way for the
doc filmmaking community to connect in person and to help support one
another. Attending these early doors for me, is like charging up all of your
batteries at once, allowing me to get through the year. But that doesn’t
mean you don’t leave tired, as yes, I can confirm that you most certainly do!People looking at a large screen in a conference setting

I have met an ever growing group of creatives from every continent, we stay connected and look forward to seeing each either at CPH or another doc related
film festival each year. I cannot wait to welcome many to Edinburgh this summer and was happy to be able to attend this year thanks to Napier’s post graduate International Festivals and Events program.

(Special labeling for the fest for Happy Hour IPA’s)Aluminum can from the CPH:DOX event

This is Joe Mecca (left), we met in 2023. The film that he and the team are representing for its European premiere is called MEDIHA.

People at the event smiling

It is directed and produced by Hasan Oswald, produced by Joe’s sister, Annelise Mecca and Fahrinisa Campana, Alexander Spiess, and Stephen Nemeth. Mediha is a young woman, one of many women and children survivors of the ISIS
orchestrated genocide, who stands up to her trauma and to the authorities. Mediha’s resolve and the gripping bravery of local heroes and the film crew’s live rescue attempts, will cause you to manually close your
dropped jaw. A-mazing. Be on the lookout for this incredible work, it will stay with you as an inspiration.

Goodnight from CPH:DOX, Copenhagen!!!
Stay Brave, Untamed and Kind, Nancy

Image of group standing in front of CPH:DOX neon sign(photos by Nancy Dionne and Joe Mecca)