{"id":582,"date":"2016-03-21T23:12:56","date_gmt":"2016-03-21T23:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.napier.ac.uk\/cwst\/?p=582"},"modified":"2019-11-17T18:28:55","modified_gmt":"2019-11-17T18:28:55","slug":"en336-customary-sizes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.napier.ac.uk\/cwst\/en336-customary-sizes\/","title":{"rendered":"EN 336 and UK customary sizes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>The UK National Annex to EN336 is to be reinstated. &nbsp;Is the list of commonly available sizes (see below) still current? &nbsp;Send any comments to d.ridleyellis@napier.ac.uk before 15th April.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In 2013, the European Standard EN336 was updated. &nbsp;There were changes that modified the upper and lower limits of width and thickness for sawn, square edged structural timber.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The upper size limit of 300 mm was removed, allowing larger cross-sections (and permitted deviations were added for the larger sizes)<\/li>\n<li>The lower size limit of 22 mm was changed to 6 mm, allowing smaller cross-sections (small thicknesses intended for laminated products)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is the Standard that EN14081-1 refers to in the scope, so now strength grading of dimensions down to 6 mm is permitted (but not necessarily possible in practice). &nbsp;The permitted reduction in dimension after grading (without requiring re-grading) was changed in&nbsp;EN14081-1:2016, so that &nbsp;further reduction is not allowed for these newly permitted small sizes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Not&nbsp;greater than 5 mm for dimensions <em>greater than or equal to 22 mm<\/em> and up to 100 mm<\/li>\n<li>Not greater than 10 mm for dimensions greater than 100 mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8230;otherwise a 6 mm thickness, could be planed down to 1 mm thickness and retain the grade &#8211; which would obviously not be OK&#8230;especially when considering that the 1 mm remaining thickness could be reduced to zero thanks to the tolerance class, as specified in EN336.<\/p>\n<p>As before, there are two tolerance classes in EN336. &nbsp;They specify permitted deviation from the target size.<\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;target size&#8221; is the size from which deviations (which are ideally zero) are to be related. &nbsp;The reference moisture content is 20%.<br \/>\nA deviation is the difference between the actual size and the corresponding target size, after allowing for actual moisture content.<\/p>\n<p>The changes in size, due to moisture content, also changed in the updating of EN336. &nbsp;There are now different amounts&nbsp;for hardwoods and softwoods. &nbsp;Poplar is grouped with the softwoods and there are probably other hardwoods that are more similar to softwoods in this regard. &nbsp;This possibility is caught by the text&nbsp;&#8220;unless there is evidence to the contrary&#8221;. &nbsp;The dimensional changes due to moisture content are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Softwoods and poplar:\n<ul>\n<li>Increase in thickness and width of 0.25% for every 1.0% moisture content above 20%, up to 30% moisture content<\/li>\n<li>Decrease in thickness and width of&nbsp;0.25% for every 1.0% moisture content below 20% moisture content<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Hardwoods:\n<ul>\n<li>Increase in thickness and width of 0.35% for every 1.0% moisture content above 20%, up to 30% moisture content<\/li>\n<li>Decrease in thickness and width of 0.35% for every 1.0% moisture content below 20% moisture content<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Width and thickness change with moisture content because of radial and tangential shrinkage and swelling in the wood. &nbsp;For more detailed information on this topic, see the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fpl.fs.fed.us\/documnts\/fplgtr\/fpl_gtr190.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USDA Wood Handbook<\/a> chapter 4)<\/p>\n<p>There are two tolerance classes, specified in EN336. &nbsp;These are called, simply, Tolerance class 1 and Tolerance class 2. &nbsp;Perhaps unintuitively, it is tolerance class 2 that is the one closest to the&nbsp;<span style=\"line-height: 1.5\">target size. &nbsp;The under limit (-) and over limit (+) are after adjusting for moisture content (target being specified at the 20% reference).<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><strong>Cross-section dimension    |  Tolerance class 1  |  Tolerance class 2<\/strong>\nup to 100 mm               |  -1.0 mm &amp; +3.0 mm  |  -1.0 mm &amp; +1.0 mm\nabove 100 mm up to 300 mm  |  -2.0 mm &amp; +4.0 mm  |  -1.5 mm &amp; +1.5 mm\nabove 300 mm               |  -3.0 mm &amp; +5.0 mm  |  -2.0 mm &amp; +2.0 mm\n(BS 5534:2014 battens      |  -3.0 mm &amp; +5.0 mm  |  -2.0 mm &amp; +2.0 mm )<\/pre>\n<p>The average thickness and width should (for both tolerance classes) not be less than the target size (adjusting for moisture content). &nbsp;(The dimensions are measured according to EN1309-1. &nbsp;This involves at least three measurements, and taking the smallest of those measurements, for each of width and thickness)<\/p>\n<p>Tolerance classes apply to the the width and thickness. &nbsp;For length, the requirement is simply that the actual length should be no shorter than the target length. &nbsp;(If overlength timber is a problem, an upper limit can be specified as part of the purchase contract).<\/p>\n<p>The term &#8220;target size&#8221; is preferred over customary terms like &#8220;basic size&#8221;, &#8220;nominal size&#8221; and &#8220;regularized size&#8221; which have very loose meanings. &nbsp; The target size is the one used in the design calculations, and therefore the size required from the supplier (ie listed in the contractual documents).<\/p>\n<p>This was all previously explained in the UK National Annex to EN336 (see the 2003 version), but this accidentally disappeared when EN336:2013 was published. &nbsp;This National Annex will be reinstated. &nbsp;It&#8217;s main helpful function was to list commonly available sizes in the UK.<\/p>\n<p>The commonly available lengths (in metres) were listed as:<\/p>\n<pre>2.40\n3.00   3.30   3.60   3.90\n4.20   4.50   4.80\n5.10   5.40<\/pre>\n<p>Sizes come in three types, depending on which (if any) faces are machined to achieve tolerance the higher tolerance class (TC2):<\/p>\n<pre>            | sawn | machined on width | machined on width and thickness\nThickness   | TC1  |        TC1        |        TC2\nWidth       | TC1  |        TC2        |        TC2<\/pre>\n<p>If a face is machined to tolerance class 2, the target size is typically 3 or 5 mm smaller than it would be if it were tolerance class 1 (the difference being removed during machining). &nbsp;Dimensions up to 100 mm typically have 3 mm difference, and dimensions over 100 mm typically have 5 mm difference.<\/p>\n<p>Note that when specifying timber, you should state what tolerance class you want.&nbsp; Even though tolerance class 1 is normally produced from sawing and class 2 by planing, saying &#8220;planed&#8221; or &#8220;sawn&#8221; is not an automatic correspondence of tolerance class.<\/p>\n<p>The customary sizes were listed as follows:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"9\">Width (mm) [TC1]<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Thickness (mm) [TC1]<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>125<\/td>\n<td>150<\/td>\n<td>175<\/td>\n<td>200<\/td>\n<td>225<\/td>\n<td>250<\/td>\n<td>300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>63<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>150<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>300<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"9\">Width (mm) [TC2]<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Thickness (mm) [TC1]<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td>97<\/td>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>145<\/td>\n<td>170<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>220<\/td>\n<td>245<\/td>\n<td>295<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>63<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>150<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>300<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"9\">Width (mm) [TC2]<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Thickness (mm) [TC2]<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td>97<\/td>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>145<\/td>\n<td>170<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>220<\/td>\n<td>245<\/td>\n<td>295<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>35<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>60<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>97<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>145<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>300<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>In addition, there are the CLS\/ALS sizes (Canadian and American lumber sizes). &nbsp;These have cross-sections with rounded corners (not exceeding 3 mm radius).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>&nbsp;CLS\/ALS<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"9\">Width (mm) [TC2]<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Thickness (mm) [TC2]<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>63<\/td>\n<td>89<\/td>\n<td>114<\/td>\n<td>140<\/td>\n<td>184<\/td>\n<td>235<\/td>\n<td>285<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Y<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>The UK National Annex to EN336 is to be reinstated. &nbsp;Is the list of commonly available sizes (see below) still current? &nbsp;Send any comments to <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.napier.ac.uk\/cwst\/en336-customary-sizes\/\" title=\"EN 336 and UK customary sizes\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[89,9,88,90],"class_list":["post-582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-standards","tag-en1309","tag-en14081","tag-en336","tag-sizes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>EN 336 and UK customary sizes - Centre for Wood Science &amp; Technology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.napier.ac.uk\/cwst\/en336-customary-sizes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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